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三重陰性乳がんにおける分子変化 - 新しい治療戦略への道
Carsten Denkert1, Cornelia Liedtke2, Andrew Tutt3
1Institute of Pathology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Berlin, Germany.
Lancet (London, England)
|December 13, 2016
まとめ
トリプルネガティブ乳がん (TNBC) は,標的治療法がない複雑な疾患です. 研究はDNA損傷反応阻害剤や TNBC患者の治療結果を改善するための免疫療法などの新しい治療法を模索しています.
科学分野:
- 腫瘍学
- 遺伝学
- 免疫学
背景:
- トリプルネガティブ乳がん (TNBC) は,標的治療の選択肢が限られている異性悪性腫瘍です.
- 従来の化学療法はTNBCの標準治療法である.
- 分子型化により,異なる生物学的特徴を持つ異なるTNBCサブグループが明らかになる.
研究 の 目的:
- TNBCの生物学に関する現在の理解をレビューする.
- 新型TNBC治療の最近の臨床試験結果をまとめます
- 進行中の研究と将来の治療戦略の概要を提示する.
主な方法:
- TNBCサブグループを分類するために,タンパク質発現,mRNAシグネチャー,およびゲノム変異の分析.
- 新興TNBC治療の臨床試験データのレビュー
- 進行中の研究と改善された治療方法のための試験概念の検討.
主要な成果:
- TNBCは,高い増殖,免疫浸透,基礎型/メゼンキーマ型,および同種の再結合欠乏症 (しばしばBRCA1/2変異と関連している) を表している.
- TNBC腫瘍のサブセットは,より低い増殖率でアンドロゲン受容体を発現する.
- 新興の標的療法には,DNA損傷応答阻害剤,血管新生阻害剤,免疫チェックポイント阻害剤,およびアンチアンドロゲンが含まれています.
結論:
- TNBCの分子プロファイリングは,新しい治療法の潜在的な標的を特定しました.
- 臨床試験では,改変した化学療法,標的薬,免疫療法が積極的に評価されています.
- 進行中の研究は,TNBCのより洗練された個別化された治療戦略を開発することを目的としています.
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