バクテリアによるファグ受容体の交換によるファグ感受性の獲得
Elhanan Tzipilevich1, Michal Habusha1, Sigal Ben-Yehuda1
1Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Institute for Medical Research Israel-Canada, The Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, POB 12272, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 91120 Jerusalem, Israel.
Cell
|January 3, 2017
まとめ
バクテリオファージ (ファージ) は,放出された酵素と膀媒介による感受性移転により,耐性細菌を溶解することができる. この驚くべき発見は ファグと宿主の相互作用と 横断的な遺伝子転送の 新しいメカニズムを明らかにしています
科学分野:
- 微生物学
- 分子生物学
- 遺伝学
背景:
- バクテリオファージ (ファージ) は通常,特定の細菌宿主を感染させる.
- 菌糸体は,微生物コミュニティ内の水平遺伝子転送 (HGT) で重要な役割を果たします.
- バクテリアのコミュニティは,しばしばファージ感受性 (S) とファージ耐性 (R) の両方を含む.
研究 の 目的:
- 繊細で抵抗性のある細胞を持つ混合細菌群のファグダイナミクスを調査する.
- 自然環境における予期せぬファグと宿主の相互作用のメカニズムを探求する.
- ファグ媒介による水平遺伝子転送の新たな経路を特定する.
主な方法:
- バチルス・サブティリスとそのリチスファグSPP1を用いた共培養実験
- 繊細な細胞の存在におけるファグ耐性細胞溶解の分析
- 耐性細胞と分子交換メカニズムにおけるファグの侵入の調査
主要な成果:
- フェーグ耐性細胞は,フェーグリチク酵素が放出された部分により,敏感細胞と共培養されたとき,SPP1によって溶解された.
- 耐性細胞が一時的に感受性を獲得する"感受性の獲得" (ASEN) という新しい現象が観察されました.
- ASENは細胞間,さらには種間でもファグ結合分子の交換を容易にする膜膀によって媒介された.
結論:
- 菌根剤耐性菌は,混合群の菌根剤によって間接的に溶解され得る.
- 膜膀交換による感受性獲得 (ASEN) は,細菌がファグに適応するための新しいメカニズムを提供します.
- この種間および種内での分子交換は,ファグと宿主の相互作用とHGT経路の理解を広げます.
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