1980年から2014年までの米国郡におけるがん死亡率の傾向と格差パターン
Ali H Mokdad1, Laura Dwyer-Lindgren1, Christina Fitzmaurice1
1Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle.
JAMA
|January 25, 2017
まとめ
癌による死亡率は1980年から2014年の間に20.1%減少した. がんによる死亡率は地域的に大きく異なっており,様々な癌の種類は地域的に異なる.
科学分野:
- 流行病学について
- 公衆衛生
- 癌 研究
背景:
- 癌はアメリカにおける 主な死因であり 経済的負担でもあります
- 癌による死亡率の地理的変動を理解することは 標的を絞った公衆衛生の介入に不可欠です
研究 の 目的:
- 29種類の癌の年齢基準による死亡率を推定する.
- 1980年から2014年の癌死亡率の地理的パターンと格差を特定する.
主な方法:
- 国立保健統計センター (NCHS) と人口データからの非特定死亡記録を利用した.
- 郡レベルでの死亡率を計算するために,検証された小面積の推定モデルを使用しました.
- 1980年から2014年までの 29種類の癌のデータを分析した.
主要な成果:
- 癌による全死亡率は1980年から2014年の間に 全国で20.1%減少した.
- 死亡率が高い郡と低い郡の間で極端な違いが観察されました.
- 特定の癌の地理的集団を特定しました 例えば南米の乳がんとテキサスとメキシコの国境沿いの肝がんです
結論:
- 癌による死亡率は全国的に減少しましたが 地理的な格差は依然として顕著です
- 観察された癌死亡率のパターンは,結果に影響を与える可能性のある環境的または社会経済的要因を示唆しています.
- これらの発見は 特定の地域に合わせた 癌の予防と治療戦略に関する 将来の研究に役立つでしょう
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