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Buffers02:56

Buffers

A solution containing appreciable amounts of a weak conjugate acid-base pair is called a buffer solution, or a buffer. Buffer solutions resist a change in pH when small amounts of a strong acid or a strong base are added. A solution of acetic acid and sodium acetate is an example of a buffer that consists of a weak acid and its salt: CH3COOH (aq) + CH3COONa (aq). An example of a buffer that consists of a weak base and its salt is a solution of ammonia and ammonium chloride: NH3 (aq) + NH4Cl...
Brønsted-Lowry Acids and Bases02:16

Brønsted-Lowry Acids and Bases

In 1923, the Brønsted–Lowry definition of acids and bases was proposed by Johannes Brønsted and Thomas Lowry. According to this theory, a Brønsted acid is defined as a species that donates a proton in a chemical reaction and gets converted to its conjugate base. A Brønsted base is defined as a species that accepts a proton in a chemical reaction and gets converted into its conjugate acid. These transfers of protons are caused by the displacement of electrons in these reactions, which is...
Stomach pH Regulation01:21

Stomach pH Regulation

The human body carefully regulates the internal pH of different organs to maintain homeostasis. For example, while the blood plasma maintains a neutral pH of 7, the stomach lumen has an acidic pH of 1.5 - 3.5. The low pH of stomach lumen helps kill pathogens in the food and break down complex food molecules.
The acid-secreting gastric mucosal epithelial cells (parietal cells) lining the stomach lumen maintain the low pH in the lumen. Numerous ion transporters and channels on these parietal...
Acid–Base Equilibria: Activity-Based Definition of pH01:10

Acid–Base Equilibria: Activity-Based Definition of pH

For an ideal solution, the pH is defined as the negative logarithm of the hydrogen ion concentration. For a non-ideal solution, an accurate measurement of the pH must consider the negative logarithm of the hydrogen ion activity rather than concentration. In such a solution, the pH can be more accurately defined as the negative logarithm of a product of the hydrogen ion concentration and its activity coefficient.
In solutions of very low ionic strength—for example, pure water—the activity...
Renal Regulation of Acid-Base Balance01:29

Renal Regulation of Acid-Base Balance

Metabolic reactions in the body produce nonvolatile acids, such as sulfuric acid, which generate an acid load of approximately 1 mEq of H+ per kilogram of body weight daily. Excreting H+ in the urine is essential to balance this acid load.
In the kidneys, cells within the proximal convoluted tubules (PCT) and the collecting ducts secrete hydrogen ions (H+) into the tubular fluid. Specifically, in the PCT, Na+/H+ antiporters secrete H+ while reabsorbing Na+.
However, the intercalated cells in...
Buffers: Overview01:30

Buffers: Overview

Buffers play a crucial role in stabilizing the pH of a solution by mitigating the effects of small amounts of added acid or base. They consist of a weak acid and its conjugate base or a weak base and its conjugate acid. A solution of acetic acid and sodium acetate is an example of a buffer that consists of a weak acid and its salt: CH3COOH (aq) + CH3COONa (aq). An example of a buffer that consists of a weak base and its salt is a solution of ammonia and ammonium chloride: NH3 (aq) + NH4Cl (aq).

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Functional Characterization of Na+/H+ Exchangers of Intracellular Compartments Using Proton-killing Selection to Express Them at the Plasma Membrane
07:38

Functional Characterization of Na+/H+ Exchangers of Intracellular Compartments Using Proton-killing Selection to Express Them at the Plasma Membrane

Published on: March 30, 2015

酸 に 関する 受容体

Qiuyan Chen1, John J G Tesmer1

  • 1The Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Departments of Pharmacology and Biological Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.

Cell
|January 28, 2017
PubMed
まとめ
この要約は機械生成です。

研究者らは,セロトニン5HT2B受容体と結合するリスルギン酸ダイエチラミド (LSD) の結晶構造を明らかにした. この突破は LSD を説明する

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関連する実験動画

Last Updated: May 10, 2026

Functional Characterization of Na+/H+ Exchangers of Intracellular Compartments Using Proton-killing Selection to Express Them at the Plasma Membrane
07:38

Functional Characterization of Na+/H+ Exchangers of Intracellular Compartments Using Proton-killing Selection to Express Them at the Plasma Membrane

Published on: March 30, 2015

Measuring Phagosome pH by Ratiometric Fluorescence Microscopy
14:39

Measuring Phagosome pH by Ratiometric Fluorescence Microscopy

Published on: December 7, 2015

Establishment of an Extracellular Acidic pH Culture System
09:41

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Published on: November 19, 2017

科学分野:

  • 神経科学
  • 構造生物学
  • 薬理学について

背景:

  • リスergic acid diethylamide (LSD) は,知覚と認知に深い影響があるという強力なサイケデリック化合物です.
  • LSDと標的の分子相互作用を理解することは,その精神活性メカニズムの解明に不可欠です.
  • セロトニン5HT2B受容体は サイケデリック薬の作用に関与する重要な標的です

研究 の 目的:

  • セロトニン5HT2B受容体との複雑なLSDの高解像度結晶構造を決定する.
  • LSDの強力で長期にわたる 幻覚誘発作用を制御する結合相互作用について 分子的な洞察を提供するためです
  • LSDの作用の構造を 類似のサイケデリック化合物と比較する

主な方法:

  • LSD-5-HT2B受容体複合体の3次元構造を解明するために,X線結晶学を用いた.
  • 構造の決定と分析は,重要な結合相互作用と構造変化を特定するために行われました.

主要な成果:

  • LSDが5-HT2B受容体に結合する結晶構造は成功裏に決定され,その標的であるサイケデリック薬の最初の構造を表しています.
  • LSDと受容体の間の特定の分子相互作用が解明され,その結合親和性に寄与する特徴が強調されました.
  • この構造は,LSDの長期間と同類薬と比較して高い効力を説明する明確な結合モードを明らかにします.

結論:

  • この研究は,LSDが5-HT2B受容体とどのように相互作用するかを前例のない分子詳細で示しています.
  • この発見は,LSDの独特の薬理学的プロフィール,その効能と持続時間を理解するための構造的基礎を提供します.
  • 報告された構造は,5-HT2B受容体を標的とした新しい精神活性化合物または治療薬の設計の基礎として機能する.