エキゾシストのインビボ構造は,エキゾシトーシスの構造的基礎を提供する
Andrea Picco1, Ibai Irastorza-Azcarate2, Tanja Specht3
1Cell Biology and Biophysics Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Meyerhofstrasse 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany; Department of Biochemistry and NCCR Chemical Biology, University of Geneva, Quai Ernest Ansermet 30, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland.
Cell
|January 28, 2017
まとめ
研究者はエクソシストタンパク質複合体の3D構造を in vivoで再構築した. この複合体は,エクソサイトーシス中に分泌小胞を細胞膜に結合させるための開いた手のように作用します.
科学分野:
- 細胞生物学
- 構造生物学
- バイオ物理学
背景:
- 原生環境におけるタンパク質複合体の構造的特徴は,細胞メカニズムを理解するために不可欠である.
- エキゾシスト複合体は,エキゾシトーシスにとって重要なもので,構造とメカニズムは不明である.
研究 の 目的:
- 3Dタンパク質複合体の構造を in vivo で再構築するための統合的アプローチを開発する.
- エキゾシスト複合体の3D構造と 膀結合におけるその役割を決定する.
主な方法:
- エキゾシスト複合体を特定した場所に固定する酵母細胞を設計した.
- 光顕微鏡を使用して,ナノメートルの精度でサブユニットの終端位置を決定します.
- 3D再構築のためのサブユニット構造特性を備えた統合位置データ.
主要な成果:
- エキゾシスト複合体の3Dアーキテクチャを 再構築した
- エキゾシストは,交互に絡み合った棒状のサブユニットで"開いた手"の形をとります.
- 決定された構造は,分泌小胞がプラズマ膜に結合するメカニズムを説明する.
結論:
- この研究は,体内の構造生物学における新しい統合的アプローチを提示しています.
- 明らかにされたエクソシスト構造は,エクソシトーシス中の膀結合に関する機械的洞察を提供します.
- この研究は,エクソシストが膀とプラズマ膜との直接的な接触をどのように促進するか解明しています.
関連する概念動画
00:50Exocytosis
9.7K
Exocytosis is a process that releases molecules outside the cell. Like other bulk transport mechanisms, exocytosis requires energy.
Exocytosis is the opposite of endocytosis, which brings molecules inside the cell. Sometimes, the released materials are signaling molecules. For example, neurons typically use exocytosis to release neurotransmitters. Cells also use exocytosis to insert proteins such as ion channels into their cell membranes, secrete proteins for use in the extracellular matrix, or...
Exocytosis is the opposite of endocytosis, which brings molecules inside the cell. Sometimes, the released materials are signaling molecules. For example, neurons typically use exocytosis to release neurotransmitters. Cells also use exocytosis to insert proteins such as ion channels into their cell membranes, secrete proteins for use in the extracellular matrix, or...
9.7K
00:51Exocytosis
74.4K
Exocytosis is used to release material from cells. Like other bulk transport mechanisms, exocytosis requires energy.
74.4K
01:12Clathrin Coated Vesicles
9.8K
Clathrin-coated vesicles use endocytosis to transport receptors and lysosomal hydrolases from the Golgi to the lysosome in the late secretory pathway. Clathrin-mediated endocytosis was the first described endocytic process, and Clathrin-coated vesicles remain one of the most well-studied transport vesicles. The molecular machinery that generates clathrin-coated vesicles comprises over 50 proteins that precisely coordinate vesicle formation. Cell surface receptors concentrated in indented sites...
9.8K
01:16Cell Motility through Blebbing
2.6K
Blebs are a type of membrane protrusion formed by the internal hydrostatic pressure of the cytoplasm. Blebs are observed in several cell types, including fibroblasts, immune cells, and single-celled organisms like the amoeba. The primary function of blebs is cell locomotion and apoptosis, but they are also found during necrosis and cell division. The life cycle of a bleb comprises an initiation phase followed by the expansion and retraction phases.
Blebbing Through the Matrix
In multicellular...
Blebbing Through the Matrix
In multicellular...
2.6K
00:59COP Coated Vesicles
18.4K
Membrane-enclosed structures called vesicles transport proteins and lipids across the cell. The vesicles derive their cargo from the plasma membrane, Golgi, ER, or endosome. Coated vesicles are spherical, protein-coated carriers with a 50–100 nm diameter that mediate bidirectional transport between the ER and the Golgi. The distribution of proteins between the ER and Golgi complex is dynamic and is maintained by different coated vesicles. Their formation is driven by the assembly of...
18.4K
01:38Intralumenal Vesicles and Multivesicular Bodies
5.0K
Intraluminal vesicles (ILVs) are small vesicles 50-80 nm in diameter formed during the maturation of early endosomes. A specialized endosome containing numerous ILVs is called a multivesicular body (MVB). ILVs contain internalized molecules such as antigens, nucleic acids, proteins, and metabolites. Some of these molecules are released from the MVBs inside exosomes and are transported to other cells. Other MVBs contain molecules that are retained in the ILVs and are later degraded within the...
5.0K