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KICSTORはGATOR1をリソソームに誘導し,mTORC1を調節する栄養素に必要である
Rachel L Wolfson1,2,3,4, Lynne Chantranupong1,2,3,4, Gregory A Wyant1,2,3,4
1Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Biology, 9 Cambridge Center, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA.
Nature
|February 16, 2017
まとめ
新しく特定されたKICSTORタンパク質複合体は,ラパミシン複合体1 (mTORC1) の信号伝達のメカニズムを否定的に調節する. この複合体は,栄養不足への反応としてmTORC1を阻害するために不可欠であり,その機能不全は神経疾患に関連しています.
科学分野:
- 細胞生物学
- 分子生物学
- 生物化学
背景:
- ラパミシン複合体1 (mTORC1) のメカニズム的標的は細胞の成長を制御し,癌やなどの疾患に関与しています.
- アミノ酸はmTORC1の活性化を促進し,Rag GTPasesを介してリソソームに転移する.
- GATOR1とGATOR2は,アミノ酸に対するRag GTPasesのレギュレータとして知られています.
研究 の 目的:
- アミノ酸センシングとmTORC1の調節に関与する新しいタンパク質複合体を特定する.
- mTORC1シグナル伝達の制御におけるKICSTOR複合体の分子機能を明らかにする.
- 細胞の栄養素感知におけるKICSTORの役割と,ヒトの病気に対するその関連性を調査する.
主な方法:
- タンパク質複合体の識別と特徴付け
- 人間の細胞系を用いた細胞局所化研究.
- ノックアウトマウスモデルにおけるmTORC1信号の分析 (SZT2欠乏症).
- タンパク質とタンパク質の相互作用を決定する生化学的測定法
主要な成果:
- 栄養不足時にmTORC1を抑制するために不可欠なKICSTOR複合体 (KPTN,ITFG2,C12orf66,SZT2) の識別
- KICSTORはリソソームに局所化し,GATOR1の徴募と機能に必要である.
- マウスにおけるSZT2の喪失は,特にニューロンにおけるmTORC1のシグナル伝達を高めます.
- KICSTORの成分の変異は,mTORC1が過度に活動する神経疾患と関連しています.
結論:
- KICSTORは,mTORC1の信号伝達のリソソーム関連負の調節剤として作用する.
- KICSTORはRag GTPasesの上流で機能し,栄養素欠乏による抑制信号を媒介する.
- KICSTORの調節不良は人間の病気に寄与し,その治療の可能性を強調しています.
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