CRISPR/Cas9でTRACロカスにCARを標的にすると,腫瘍の拒絶が強化される
Justin Eyquem1, Jorge Mansilla-Soto1, Theodoros Giavridis1
1Center for Cell Engineering and Immunology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, New York, New York 10065, USA.
Nature
|February 23, 2017
まとめ
CRISPR/Cas9のゲノム編集により,キメリック抗原受容体 (CARs) がTRACロカスに正確に伝達され,T細胞の効能が向上し,B細胞の悪性腫瘍のアウトカムが改善されます.
科学分野:
- 免疫学
- 分子生物学
- 遺伝子療法
背景:
- CD19を標的とするキメリック抗原受容体 (CAR) は,B細胞悪性腫瘍において有望である.
- 従来のCAR T細胞生成はランダムな統合を伴い,腫瘍生成と変数発現のリスクを伴う.
- ゲノムエディティングは より安全で効果的なCAR T細胞治療のための標的型遺伝子配送を提供します.
研究 の 目的:
- CRISPR/Cas9ゲノム編集を用いて,T細胞受容体α定数 (TRAC) ローカスにCD19特異のCARを誘導する効果と安全性を調査する.
- TRAC標的のCAR T細胞と,従来のCAR T細胞の性能を比較する.
主な方法:
- CRISPR/Cas9 ゲノム編集を用いて,ヒトの周辺血液T細胞の TRAC ロカスに CD19 固有の CAR を挿入した.
- 急性リンパ性白血病のマウスモデルで評価されたCAR発現,T細胞の効能,およびin vivoの抗腫瘍活性.
- CARシグナル伝達,抗原誘発内化,T細胞の微分化と疲労のダイナミクスを評価した.
主要な成果:
- TRACを標的としたCAR T細胞は,通常のCAR T細胞と比較して,均一なCAR発現と強化された抗白血病の効能を示した.
- CARをTRACロカスに標的にすることで,トニックCARシグナル伝達が防止され,抗原被曝後に有効なCAR再発が可能になった.
- TRACを標的としたCAR T細胞は,効果T細胞の分化と枯渇が遅れたことを示し,持続性と機能の改善を示唆した.
結論:
- CRISPR/Cas9エディティングによるTRACロカスへのCARの標的化は,B細胞悪性腫瘍に対するCART細胞療法における重要な進歩を表しています.
- このアプローチはT細胞の効力を高め,腫瘍的リスクを回避することで安全性を高め,治療効果を延長する可能性があります.
- これらの発見は,CAR T細胞免疫生物学を最適化し,現在の治療法の限界を克服するための精密なゲノム編集の可能性を強調しています.
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