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Magnetic Fields01:27

Magnetic Fields

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A moving charge or a current creates a magnetic field in the surrounding space, in addition to its electric field. The magnetic field exerts a force on any other moving charge or current that is present in the field. Like an electric field, the magnetic field is also a vector field. At any position, the direction of the magnetic field is defined as the direction in which the north pole of a compass needle points.
A magnetic field is defined by the force that a charged particle experiences...
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Diamagnetism01:26

Diamagnetism

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Materials consisting of paired electrons have zero net magnetic moments. However, when these materials are placed under an external magnetic field, the moments opposite to the field are induced. Such materials are called diamagnets. Diamagnetism is the response of the diamagnets when placed in an external magnetic field.
Diamagnetism was discovered by Anton Brugmans in 1778 when he observed that bismuth gets repelled by magnetic fields, thus theorizing that diamagnets get repelled by magnets....
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Atomic Nuclei: Magnetic Resonance01:05

Atomic Nuclei: Magnetic Resonance

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The number of nuclear spins aligned in the lower energy state is slightly greater than those in the higher energy state. In the presence of an external magnetic field, as the spins precess at the Larmor frequency, the excess population results in a net magnetization oriented along the z axis. When a pulse or a short burst of radio waves at the Larmor frequency is applied along the x axis, the coupling of frequencies causes resonance and flips the nuclear spins of the excess population from the...
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Ferromagnetism01:31

Ferromagnetism

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Materials like iron, nickel, and cobalt consist of magnetic domains, within which the magnetic dipoles are arranged parallel to each other. The magnetic dipoles are rigidly aligned in the same direction within a domain by quantum mechanical coupling among the atoms. This coupling is so strong that even thermal agitation at room temperature cannot break it. The result is that each domain has a net dipole moment. However, some materials have weaker coupling, and are ferromagnetic at lower...
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Magnetic Moment of an Electron01:23

Magnetic Moment of an Electron

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Electrons revolving around a nucleus are analogous to a circular current carrying loop. This current produces a magnetic dipole moment proportional to the electron's orbital angular momentum. Since the orbital angular momentum is quantized in terms of the reduced Planck's constant, the dipole moment is quantized in the Bohr Magneton. The value of the Bohr magneton is 9.27 x 10-24 Am2. Electrons also have an intrinsic spin angular momentum, and the associated spin magnetic moment is...
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Magnetism01:30

Magnetism

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Magnets are commonly found in everyday objects, such as toys, hangers, elevators, doorbells, and computer devices. Experimentation on these magnets shows that all magnets have two poles: one is labeled north (N) and the other south (S). Magnetic poles repel if they are alike and attract if unlike. Moreover, both poles of a magnet attract unmagnetized pieces of iron.
An individual magnetic pole cannot be isolated. No matter how small, every piece of a magnet contains a north pole and a south...
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Optimizing Magnetic Force Microscopy Resolution and Sensitivity to Visualize Nanoscale Magnetic Domains
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読み書き用の単原子磁石

Fabian D Natterer1,2, Kai Yang1,3, William Paul1

  • 1IBM Almaden Research Center, San Jose, California 95120, USA.

Nature
|March 10, 2017
PubMed
まとめ

研究者は,個々のホルミウム原子を酸化マグネシウムに読み書きすることで,原子規模の磁気貯蔵を達成しました. これらの単原子ビットは数時間 磁気情報を保持し 超高密度データストレージへの道を開きます

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Visualizing Uniaxial-strain Manipulation of Antiferromagnetic Domains in Fe1+YTe Using a Spin-polarized Scanning Tunneling Microscope
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Single-molecule Manipulation of G-quadruplexes by Magnetic Tweezers
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Visualizing Uniaxial-strain Manipulation of Antiferromagnetic Domains in Fe1+YTe Using a Spin-polarized Scanning Tunneling Microscope
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科学分野:

  • 材料科学
  • 量子物理学
  • ナノテクノロジー

背景:

  • 単一原子の磁気ビットの究極の限界に 向かっています
  • 以前の研究では,単一のランタニド原子の長い磁気放緩時間が示されましたが,個々のアドレスは依然として課題でした.

研究 の 目的:

  • オキシドマグネシウム (MgO) の個々のホルミウム原子における電磁性の読み書きを証明する.
  • データストレージのアプリケーションのための単原子磁気ビットの安定性と独立した動作を確認します.

主な方法:

  • 電流パルスを用いた磁気状態の電気記述のためのスキャニングトンネル顕微鏡を使用した.
  • 個々のホルミウム原子の磁気状態を読み取るためにトンネル磁気抵抗を使用します.
  • 磁気特性と安定性を確認しました 近くの鉄のセンサー原子の 電子スピン共振を用いてです

主要な成果:

  • MgOに個々のホルミウム原子の磁気状態を読み書き,情報を数時間保持しました.
  • MgO (10.1 ± 0.1 ボール磁石) のホルミウム原子の大きな外平面磁気モメントが確認されました.
  • 原子スケール構造の2つのホルミウムビットの独立した動作を証明し,4つの可能な状態をすべて読み書きした.

結論:

  • 単原子磁気記憶は可能であり,MgO上の個々のホルミウム原子は安定した,アドレス可能なビットとして機能する.
  • 電気的な読み書き機能と高い磁気安定性の組み合わせは,超高密度データストレージの新しい道を開きます.