メガベース合成染色体におけるリボソームDNAの設計

Weimin Zhang^1,2, Guanghou Zhao^1,3, Zhouqing Luo¹

¹Key Laboratory for Industrial Biocatalysis (Ministry of Education) and Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.

Science (New York, N.Y.)

|March 11, 2017

まとめ

科学者は酵母に合成染色体XII (synXII) を作って成長の欠陥を修復した後にその機能性を実証した. この工学的な染色体はDNAバーコードで種の識別を変更するためにも修正されました

科学分野:

合成生物学
ゲノミクス
酵母遺伝学

背景:

大規模な合成染色体の構築は,合成生物学における重要な課題です.
染色体の機能と安定性を理解することは,ゲノム工学にとって極めて重要です.

研究の目的:

機能的な976,067塩基対の線形染色体,Saccharomyces cerevisiaeの synXIIを設計し合成する.
合成染色体を組み立て,検証する方法を研究する.
合成染色体を作って変異種を特定する

主な方法:

メガチェンク統合とメオティック再組み合わせによる組み立てを伴う2段階の組み立て法が採用されました.
成長欠陥を分析し,子宮外tRNA遺伝子を導入して救出しました.
リボソームDNA (rDNA) が特定の場所に改変され,再導入されました.

主要な成果:

機能的な合成染色体XII (synXII) がS. cerevisiaeに合成され,統合されました.
tRNA遺伝子の欠損に関連した小さな成長障害は救われました.
エンジニアリングされたrDNA配列により,合成株はDNAバーコードを使用して*Saccharomyces bayanus*として誤認されました.

結論:

synXIIの成功した合成と機能的検証は,大規模な染色体工学の実現性を示しています.
この研究はより複雑な合成ゲノムを構築するための基盤を提供します.
rDNA配列の修正は,株の識別と遺伝子操作のための新しいアプローチを提供します.

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