マウスにおける伝染性の分子と神経の基礎

Yao-Qing Yu^1,2,3, Devin M Barry^1,2, Yan Hao^1,2

¹Center for the Study of Itch, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.

Science (New York, N.Y.)

|March 11, 2017

まとめ

ネズミは他人の掻き傷を観察した後に伝染性のある掻き傷の行動を示しますこの社会的の伝播は,下垂体上皮質核 (SCN) 内のガストリン放出ペプチド受容体 (GRPR) 信号に依存しています.

科学分野:

神経科学
行動生物学
社会的行動

背景:

社会的に伝染するニキビは人間ではよく見られるが,ネズミではよくわかっていない.
伝染性のかゆみのような社会的行動の神経基盤を理解することは神経科学の幅広い洞察にとって極めて重要です

研究の目的:

ネズミに伝染する掻く行為の存在と神経機構を調査する
特定の分子経路と社会的の伝播に関わる脳の領域を特定する

主な方法:

マウスの掻き方を観察するために新しい報酬に基づく行動パターンが使用されました
分子マッピングにより,上皮質核 (SCN) のニューロン活性が確認されました.
SCNにおけるガストリン放出ペプチド受容体 (GRPR) ニューロンの遺伝子操作 (除去と化学遺伝学) が実施された.

主要な成果:

ネズミは同種の動物が掻き切っているのを見て掻き切る行動を示しました
SCNでは,伝染性の掻き傷でニューロンの活性が増加することが観察されました.
SCN GRPRニューロンの消去または阻害により,伝染性の傷がなくなりました.
SCN GRP/GRPRニューロンの活性化により掻き傷が誘発される.

結論:

SCNにおけるGastrin-releasing peptide (GRP) -GRPRシグナリングは,マウスの伝染性を媒介するのに不可欠であり,十分である.
これらの発見は社会的伝染性の特定の神経回路を示しています
この研究は行動の社会的伝播の神経生物学を理解するための基盤を提供します

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