関連する実験動画
Updated: Mar 6, 2026

11:19
Spatiotemporal Analysis of Cytokinetic Events in Fission Yeast
Published on: February 20, 2017
7.7K
E-カデリン稀和とアクトミオシン流れによる細胞運動力の伝達
Diana Pinheiro1,2,3, Edouard Hannezo4,5, Sophie Herszterg1,2
1Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS UMR 3215, INSERM U934, F-75248 Paris Cedex 05, France.
Nature
|March 16, 2017
まとめ
細胞分裂は,隣接する上皮細胞で機械的な信号を誘発し,細胞運動の間に組織再構成のための非筋肉のミオシンII (MyoII) の活動を調整する.
科学分野:
- 細胞生物学
- 発達生物学
- バイオ物理学
背景:
- 表皮細胞分裂は細胞と細胞の接触を改造する必要があります.
- 隣接する細胞の非筋肉のミオシンII (MyoII) は,このプロセスに不可欠です.
- 細胞分裂とMyoII活動との間の調整メカニズムは不明である.
研究 の 目的:
- 付近の細胞における上皮細胞運動とMyoII活動を調整するメカニズムを調査する.
- 細胞分裂中の機械的な力が細胞-細胞結合とアクトミオシンダイナミクスにどのように影響するか解明する.
主な方法:
- ドロソフィラ・ノタムの表皮モデルシステムを利用した.
- 細胞分裂中のメカノセンシングと力伝達事件を調査した.
- E-カデリンと非筋肉のミオシンII (MyoII) のダイナミクスをアデレンス・ジャンクションで分析した.
主要な成果:
- 細胞分裂は,隣接する細胞のMyoIIダイナミクスを制御する機械信号を生成します.
- リングを引っ張る力は,交差点の伸びとE-カデリンの希釈を引き起こします.
- E-カデリンと細胞の収縮性が低下すると,アクトミオシン流とMyoIIの蓄積が促進されます.
結論:
- 新しい機械感知機構は,分裂中の上皮細胞間のアクトミオシンダイナミクスを調整する.
- このプロセスは,機械的な力への反応として, 接合の改造を維持します.
- 細胞粘着ダイナミクスにおける力伝導の代替的役割を強調する.
関連する概念動画
Cell Motility through Blebbing
2.6K
Blebs are a type of membrane protrusion formed by the internal hydrostatic pressure of the cytoplasm. Blebs are observed in several cell types, including fibroblasts, immune cells, and single-celled organisms like the amoeba. The primary function of blebs is cell locomotion and apoptosis, but they are also found during necrosis and cell division. The life cycle of a bleb comprises an initiation phase followed by the expansion and retraction phases.
Blebbing Through the Matrix
In multicellular...
Blebbing Through the Matrix
In multicellular...
2.6K
Cytoskeletal Coordination in Cell Migration
5.6K
A migrating cell changes its shape during the cyclic events of attachment and detachment from the substratum and repositions the cell organelles correspondingly. These complex events are orchestrated by the dynamic cytoskeletal network comprising actin filaments, intermediate filaments, and microtubules. Cytoskeletal crosstalk — the direct and indirect communication between the different components — is crucial for this coordination. Direct communication involves various linker...
5.6K
The Contractile Ring
7.4K
Contractile rings are composed of microfilaments and are responsible for separating the daughter cells during cytokinesis. Contractile ring assembly proceeds along with other cell cycle events; however, very few mechanistic details are known about the timing and coordination of the contractile rings with the cell cycle.
A small GTPase, RhoA, controls the function and assembly of the contractile ring. RhoA belongs to the Ras superfamily of proteins. The activation of formins by RhoA promotes...
A small GTPase, RhoA, controls the function and assembly of the contractile ring. RhoA belongs to the Ras superfamily of proteins. The activation of formins by RhoA promotes...
7.4K
The Role of Actin and Myosin in Non-muscle Cells
5.4K
Actin and myosin or actomyosin filaments also play a significant role in cells other than those involved in muscle contraction (which occurs within the sarcomere of muscle cells). The mechanism of non-muscle cell contractile bundles was first observed in Dictyostelium and Acanthamoeba. In non-muscle cells, two bundles are commonly found: stress fibers and actomyosin adherence belts. These contractile bundles are smaller and less organized than the ones found in muscle cells. They are held...
5.4K
Mechanism of Filopodia Formation
3.3K
Filopodia are thin, actin-rich cellular protrusions that play an important role in many fundamental cellular functions. They vary in their occurrence, length, and positioning in different cell types, suggesting their diverse roles.
Their main function is to guide migrating cells during normal tissue morphogenesis or cancer metastasis by recognizing and making initial contacts with the extracellular matrix. However, they can also act as stationary cell anchors or help to establish communication...
Their main function is to guide migrating cells during normal tissue morphogenesis or cancer metastasis by recognizing and making initial contacts with the extracellular matrix. However, they can also act as stationary cell anchors or help to establish communication...
3.3K
Actin Polymerization and Cell Motility
7.0K
Actin is a family of globular proteins that are highly abundant in eukaryotic cells. It makes up approximately 1-5% of total cell protein concentration. Actin monomers polymerize to form a complex network of polarized filaments, the actin cytoskeleton, that plays a crucial role in many cellular processes, including cell motility, division, endocytosis, and metastasis of cancer cells.
Actin cytoskeleton dynamics can produce pushing, pulling, and resistance forces that help the cell to migrate....
Actin cytoskeleton dynamics can produce pushing, pulling, and resistance forces that help the cell to migrate....
7.0K

