RNA m6Aメチレーションは紫外線によるDNA損傷反応を調節する
Yang Xiang1,2, Benoit Laurent1,2, Chih-Hung Hsu1,2
1Division of Newborn Medicine and Epigenetics Program, Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.
Nature
|March 16, 2017
まとめ
RNAメチル化 (m6A) はDNA損傷部位を迅速にマークし,紫外線曝露後の修復と細胞生存を促進するためにDNAポリメラーゼを募集します.
科学分野:
- 分子生物学
- エピジェネティクス
- DNA 修復
背景:
- 細胞の生存は DNAの 正確な維持に 依存しています
- DNAダメージ応答 (DDR) システムは,DNAダメージを検出し,修復し,修復が完了するまで細胞分裂を停止します.
研究 の 目的:
- DNA損傷反応におけるRNAメチル化,特にN6-メチラデノシン (m6A) の役割を調査する.
- 特に紫外線 (UV) 放射線に対する反応として,m6AがDNA修復経路に影響を与えるメカニズムを解明する.
主な方法:
- 紫外線照射後のDNA損傷部位におけるRNA変異のダイナミクスを監視する.
- メチルトランスフェラーゼ型3 (METTL3) と脂肪量および肥満関連タンパク質 (FTO) がm6AレベルとDNA修復に与える影響を評価する.
- METTL3の活性がある場合とない場合の,UVによるDNA損傷部位へのDNAポリメラーゼ κ (Pol κ) の誘導を評価する.
- METTL3の喪失がDNA修復と細胞の紫外線感受性に及ぼす機能的影響を分析する.
主要な成果:
- N6-メチラデノシン (m6A) RNAの改変は,UV照射から2分以内にDNA損傷部位に迅速かつ一時的に誘発されます.
- METTL3はメチルトランスフェラーゼとして作用し,FTOは脱メチラーゼとして作用し,DNA損傷への反応としてm6Aレベルを調節する.
- METTL3の触媒活性が失われると,紫外線によるサイクロブタンピリミジン添加物の修復が遅れて,紫外線に対する感受性が高まります.
- METTL3は,紫外線によるDNA損傷部位へのDNAポリメラーゼ κ (Pol κ) の急速な徴集に不可欠です.
結論:
- RNA m6は,紫外線によって引き起こされるDNA損傷反応において,新しい重要な役割を果たします.
- m6A RNAは,Pol κのような特定のDNA修復タンパク質を損傷部位に誘導するシグナルメカニズムとして機能する.
- この m6A媒介による増殖は,効率的なDNA修復を促進し,紫外線曝露後の細胞生存を高めます.
関連する概念動画
Nucleotide Excision Repair
5.4K
DNA Distortion and Damage
Cells are regularly exposed to mutagens—factors in the environment that can damage DNA and generate mutations. UV radiation is one of the most common mutagens and is estimated to introduce a significant number of changes in DNA. These include bends or kinks in the structure, which can block DNA replication or transcription. If these errors are not fixed, the damage can cause mutations, which in turn can result in cancer or disease depending on which sequences are...
Cells are regularly exposed to mutagens—factors in the environment that can damage DNA and generate mutations. UV radiation is one of the most common mutagens and is estimated to introduce a significant number of changes in DNA. These include bends or kinks in the structure, which can block DNA replication or transcription. If these errors are not fixed, the damage can cause mutations, which in turn can result in cancer or disease depending on which sequences are...
5.4K
Nucleotide Excision Repair
41.4K
Overview
41.4K
Mutations
44.9K
Mutations are changes in the sequence of DNA. These changes can occur spontaneously or they can be induced by exposure to environmental factors. Mutations can be characterized in a number of different ways: whether and how they alter the amino acid sequence of the protein, whether they occur over a small or large area of DNA, and whether they occur in somatic cells or germline cells.
Chromosomal Alterations Are Large-Scale Mutations
While point mutations are changes in a single nucleotide in...
Chromosomal Alterations Are Large-Scale Mutations
While point mutations are changes in a single nucleotide in...
44.9K
Mutations
95.3K
Overview
95.3K
Mismatch Repair
6.8K
Organisms are capable of detecting and fixing nucleotide mismatches that occur during DNA replication. This sophisticated process requires identifying the new strand and replacing the erroneous bases with correct nucleotides. Mismatch repair is coordinated by many proteins in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes.
The Mutator Protein Family Plays a Key Role in DNA Mismatch Repair
The human genome has more than 3 billion base pairs of DNA per cell. Prior to cell division, that vast amount of genetic...
The Mutator Protein Family Plays a Key Role in DNA Mismatch Repair
The human genome has more than 3 billion base pairs of DNA per cell. Prior to cell division, that vast amount of genetic...
6.8K
Mismatch Repair
44.3K
Overview
44.3K


