地球温暖化と再発するサンゴの大量白化
Terry P Hughes1, James T Kerry1, Mariana Álvarez-Noriega1,2
1Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland 4811, Australia.
Nature
|March 17, 2017
まとめ
記録的な海洋温暖化により 2015年から2016年にかけて 大規模な珊瑚の白化が起こりました 地元のサンゴ礁の保護と 過去の漂白は この現象の深刻さを軽減せず 地球温暖化対策の必要性を強調しました
科学分野:
- 海洋生物学
- 気候科学
- エコロジー
背景:
- 1980年代以降 世界中で大量に 珊瑚の白化が起こっています
- 2015年から2016年の期間には記録的な気温が上昇し,パン熱帯の珊瑚の漂白が起きました.
- サンゴ礁の保全には 漂白の度合いを理解することが重要です
研究 の 目的:
- 繰り返し起こるサンゴの白化に 影響を及ぼす要因を調査する.
- 海面温度との関係で漂白の空間的なパターンを分析する.
- リーフの回復力に対する 地域の管理と先行漂白の影響を評価する.
主な方法:
- オーストラリアのサンゴ礁の空中と水中調査を利用した.
- 衛星から集めた海面温度データ
- 複数のスケールと期間における白化症の比較 (1998年,2002年,2016年)
主要な成果:
- 1998年,2002年,2016年のグレートバリアリーフの漂白の地理的パターンは,空間的な海温パターンと相関しています.
- 水質と漁業の圧力は2016年の漂白の深刻さにはほとんど影響しませんでした.
- 以前の漂白への曝露は2016年のイベントに抵抗を与えませんでした.
結論:
- 地元のサンゴ礁の保護措置は 極端な暑さへの抵抗を最小限にしています
- 地球温暖化が 深刻なサンゴ白化の 主な原因です
- 珊瑚礁の存続には 将来の温暖化を抑えるための 緊急の世界的な行動が不可欠です
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