報酬の期待をコードする脳小胞細胞
Mark J Wagner1, Tony Hyun Kim1,2, Joan Savall1
1Department of Biology and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA.
Nature
|March 22, 2017
まとめ
脳の最も多い神経細胞である 小粒細胞は 運動以上のことをコードします 新しい研究によると これらの細胞は 報酬を予期するシグナルを送り 小脳が認知する役割を 拡大しています
科学分野:
- 神経科学
- 脳の機能
- 認知神経科学
背景:
- 脳小粒細胞は脳内で最も多くのニューロンです.
- クラシック理論では 感覚運動の文脈を 暗号化していると考えられています
- 認知における小脳の役割に関する証拠は増えているが,粒子の細胞機能については議論が続いている.
研究 の 目的:
- 脳小胞の細胞が 非感覚運動情報を暗号化しているかどうかを調べるため,特に報酬期待.
- 運動制御を超えた認知プロセスにおける 粒子の役割を探求する.
主な方法:
- 報酬のために前肢を自発的に動かすマウスの2フォトンカルシウムイメージング
- 報酬と省略に対する反応を評価するために パブロフの条件付けタスクを使用した.
- 学習中に複数の日にわたって個々の粒子の細胞活動を追跡した.
主要な成果:
- 粒子の細胞は,報酬の提供,報酬の放棄,および報酬の予期に対する明確な反応を示しました.
- 前肢の動きとは無関係に,複数の小脳葉で報酬に関連する信号が観察されました.
- 予期せぬ報酬は予測可能な報酬と比べて 異なる粒子の細胞活動を誘発した.
- 学習のダイナミクスは 報酬を期待する細胞が 報酬を配達する反応者から 発生することを明らかにしました
結論:
- 脳の粒細胞は 報酬の期待に関する予測情報を 暗号化しています
- この発見は 粒子の細胞の既知の機能的レパートリーと 認知における小脳の役割を拡張します
- プラニール細胞はパーキンジェ細胞に 豊かな文脈情報を提供し 認知処理に影響を与えます
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