関連する実験動画
Updated: Mar 5, 2026

06:48
A Reporter Assay to Analyze Intronic microRNA Maturation in Mammalian Cells
Published on: June 16, 2022
2.4K
DHX9は,ヒトゲノムのアルウの侵入から生じるRNA処理の欠陥を抑制する
Tuğçe Aktaş1, İbrahim Avşar Ilık1, Daniel Maticzka2
1Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg, Germany.
Nature
|March 30, 2017
まとめ
DHX9は核RNAヘリコースで,有害な反転繰り返しのAlu要素を分解し,ゲノムの不安定性を防止し,遺伝子調節におけるその役割を可能にします. DHX9の損失は円形RNAを増加させ,転写の再配線を引き起こします.
科学分野:
- 遺伝学
- 分子生物学
- ゲノミクス
背景:
- Alu要素を含む移植可能な要素は,ヒトゲノムの半分以上を構成し,遺伝子調節と進化に役割を果たします.
- Alu元素は,進化上の利点にもかかわらず,スプライシング,トランスレーション,ゲノムの安定性に影響を及ぼす変異を引き起こす可能性があります.
- RNA処理に対する反転繰り返しのアルウ元素の核の影響はほとんど知られていない.
研究 の 目的:
- 逆転繰り返しのアルウ元素によって形成されたRNA構造の処理における核RNAヘリケーズDHX9の機能を調査する.
- 遺伝子内のアルウ元素転写の負の影響を防止するDHX9の役割を解明する.
- DHX9,ADAR,および循環型RNAの産生との関係を明らかにする.
主な方法:
- 転写された反転繰り返しのアルウ元素に対するDHX9の結合特異性を研究した.
- 循環型RNAの生成,mRNAの翻訳,および転写の完全性に対するDHX9の損失の影響を評価した.
- ADAR同型を含むDHX9相互作用パートナーを特定するために生化学的浄化を行った.
- DHX9とADARの減少が双鎖RNAと循環RNAのレベルに与える影響を研究した.
主要な成果:
- DHX9は,特異的に転写された遺伝子内の反転繰り返しのAlu要素に結合する.
- DHX9の機能の喪失は,循環型RNAの生殖を増加させ,転写抑制と転写再配線を引き起こします.
- DHX9は,インターフェロン誘導性ADAR p150同型とRNA独立で相互作用する.
- DHX9とADARの併用により,二重鎖RNAの蓄積と循環RNAの生成が悪化する.
結論:
- DHX9は核RNA溶解体として機能し,トランポゾン挿入に関連するリスクを軽減します.
- DHX9の活動は,ゲノムの安定性を維持し,Alu要素の存在下でRNA処理を調節するために不可欠です.
- DHX9とADARは,RNA構造を管理する機能的なリンクを共有し,移植可能な要素が規制的な役割を果たすようにします.
さらに関連する動画
関連する概念動画
Alternative RNA Splicing
25.5K
Alternative RNA splicing is the regulated splicing of exons and introns to produce different mature mRNAs from a single pre-mRNA. Unlike in constitutive splicing where a single gene produces a single type of mRNA, alternative splicing allows an organism to produce multiple proteins from a single gene and plays an important role in protein diversity.
There are five types of alternative RNA splicing that vary in the ways the pre-mRNA segments are removed or retained in the mature mRNA. The first...
There are five types of alternative RNA splicing that vary in the ways the pre-mRNA segments are removed or retained in the mature mRNA. The first...
25.5K
Exon Recombination
4.2K
The evolution of new genes is critical for speciation. Exon recombination, also known as exon shuffling or domain shuffling, is an important means of new gene formation. It is observed across vertebrates, invertebrates, and in some plants such as potatoes and sunflowers. During exon recombination, exons from the same or different genes recombine and produce new exon-intron combinations, which might evolve into new genes.
Exon shuffling follows “splice frame rules.” Each exon...
Exon shuffling follows “splice frame rules.” Each exon...
4.2K
Experimental RNAi
8.1K
RNA interference (RNAi) is a cellular mechanism that inhibits gene expression by suppressing its transcription or activating the RNA degradation process. The mechanism was discovered by Andrew Fire and Craig Mello in 1998 in plants. Today, it is observed in almost all eukaryotes, including protozoa, flies, nematodes, insects, parasites, and mammals. This precise cellular mechanism of gene silencing has been developed into a technique that provides an efficient way to identify and determine the...
8.1K
Nonsense-mediated mRNA Decay
12.0K
The Upf proteins that carry out nonsense-mediated decay (NMD) are found in all eukaryotic organisms, including humans. Each protein has an individual role, but they need to work in collaboration. Upf1 is an ATP-dependent RNA helicase that unwinds the RNA helix. Because Upf1 can unwind any RNA, Upf2 and Upf3 are required to help Upf1 discriminate between nonsense and normal mRNAs.
Usually, Upf3 binds to an Exon Junction Complex (EJC) at mRNA splice sites. If a ribosome fully translates the mRNA,...
Usually, Upf3 binds to an Exon Junction Complex (EJC) at mRNA splice sites. If a ribosome fully translates the mRNA,...
12.0K
Inheritance of Chromatin Structures
7.8K
Epigenetics is the study of inherited changes in a cell's phenotype without changing the DNA sequences. It provides a form of memory for the differential gene expression pattern to maintain cell lineage, position-effect variegation, dosage compensation, and maintenance of chromatin structures such as telomeres and centromeres. For example, the structure and location of the centromere on chromosomes are epigenetically inherited. Its functionality is not dictated or ensured by the underlying...
7.8K
Non-LTR Retrotransposons
13.6K
As the name suggests, non-LTR retrotransposons lack the long terminal repeats characteristic of the LTR retrotransposons. Additionally, both LTR and non-LTR retrotransposons use distinct mechanisms of mobilization. Non-LTR retrotransposons are further divided into two classes - Long interspersed nuclear elements (LINEs) and short interspersed nuclear elements (SINEs), both of which occur abundantly in most mammals, including humans. Some of the active non-LTR retrotransposons in humans are L1...
13.6K

