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関連する概念動画

Polymers02:34

Polymers

32.8K
The word polymer is derived from the Greek words “poly” which means “many” and “mer” which means “parts”. Polymers are long chains of molecules composed of repeating units of smaller molecules, known as monomers. They either occur naturally, such as DNA and proteins, or can be constructed synthetically, like plastics. They have varied structural characteristics, such as linear chains, branched chains, or complex networks, that contribute to the...
32.8K
Radical Chain-Growth Polymerization: Chain Branching01:17

Radical Chain-Growth Polymerization: Chain Branching

1.8K
The skeletal structure of polymers synthesized via radical polymerization is always branched. For example, the polymerization of ethylene by radical polymerization results in a low-density grade of polyethylene with a heavily branched skeletal structure. Here, the radical site abstracts hydrogen from the growing chain, and the radical site shifts from the end (a primary carbon center) to anywhere within the growing chain (a secondary carbon center). Consequently, the part of the chain from the...
1.8K
Anionic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism01:04

Anionic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism

1.7K
The mechanism for anionic chain-growth polymerization involves initiation, propagation, and termination steps. In the initiation step, a nucleophilic anion, such as butyl lithium, initiates the polymerization process by attacking the π bond of the vinylic monomer. As a result, a carbanion, stabilized by the electron‐withdrawing group, is generated. The resulting carbanion acts as a Michael donor in the propagation step and attacks the second vinylic monomer, which acts as a Michael...
1.7K
Cationic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism00:57

Cationic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism

2.1K
The cationic polymerization mechanism consists of three steps: initiation, propagation, and termination. In the initiation step of the polymerization process, the π bond of a monomer gets protonated by the Lewis acid catalyst, which is formed from boron trifluoride and water. The protonation of the π bond generates a carbocation stabilized by the electron‐donating group. In the propagation step, the π bond of the second monomer acts as a nucleophile and attacks the...
2.1K
Ziegler–Natta Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview01:17

Ziegler–Natta Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview

2.3K
Ziegler–Natta polymerization is another form of addition or chain‐growth polymerization used for synthesizing linear polymers over branched polymers. The catalyst used for polymerization is the Ziegler–Natta catalyst, named after Karl Ziegler and Giulio Natta, who developed it in 1953. This catalyst is an organometallic complex of titanium tetrachloride and triethyl aluminum, with the active form of the catalyst being an alkyl titanium compound. Using the Ziegler–Natta...
2.3K
Step-Growth Polymerization: Overview01:03

Step-Growth Polymerization: Overview

3.6K
Step-growth or condensation polymerization is a stepwise reaction of bi or multifunctional monomers to form long-chain polymers. As all the monomers are reactive, most of the monomers are consumed at the early stages of the reaction to form small chains of reactive oligomers, which then combine to form long polymer chains in the late stages. Hence, the reaction has to proceed for a long time to achieve high molecular weight polymers.
Many natural and synthetic polymers are produced by...
3.6K

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関連する実験動画

Updated: May 4, 2026

Preparation of a Corannulene-functionalized Hexahelicene by CopperI-catalyzed Alkyne-azide Cycloaddition of Nonplanar Polyaromatic Units
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サイクロペンタヌレーションポリメリゼーションによる結合した梯子ポリマー

Sambasiva R Bheemireddy1, Matthew P Hautzinger1, Tao Li2

  • 1Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and the Materials Technology Center, Southern Illinois University , Carbondale, Illinois 62901, United States.

Journal of the American Chemical Society
|April 4, 2017
PubMed
まとめ

研究者らは,パラジウム触媒を用いて,新しい梯子ポリマーを合成しました. これらのサイクロペンタフューズされたポリサイクル芳香炭化水素ポリマーは,有機電子に適したユニークな電子特性を有しています.

さらに関連する動画

Synthesis of Cyclic Polymers and Characterization of Their Diffusive Motion in the Melt State at the Single Molecule Level
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Depolymerizable Olefinic Polymers Based on Fused-Ring Cyclooctene Monomers
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Depolymerizable Olefinic Polymers Based on Fused-Ring Cyclooctene Monomers

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関連する実験動画

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Preparation of a Corannulene-functionalized Hexahelicene by CopperI-catalyzed Alkyne-azide Cycloaddition of Nonplanar Polyaromatic Units

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Synthesis of Cyclic Polymers and Characterization of Their Diffusive Motion in the Melt State at the Single Molecule Level
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Depolymerizable Olefinic Polymers Based on Fused-Ring Cyclooctene Monomers
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科学分野:

  • 材料科学
  • ポリマー化学
  • オーガニック電子

背景:

  • ポリサイクルアロマティック炭化水素 (PAH) は,有機電子機器において極めて重要です.
  • パーソナライズされた電子特性を持つ新しいPAHの開発は,活発な研究分野です.
  • 階段ポリマーは,強化された硬さと電子結合を提供します.

研究 の 目的:

  • サイクロペンタフューズドPAHを埋め込んだ新合成経路を開発する.
  • 調節可能な電子特性を持つドナー-受容体型の共ポリマーを作成します.
  • オーガニック・フィールド・エフェクト・トランジスタ (OFET) でこれらのポリマーの可能性を調査する.

主な方法:

  • 9,10-ジブロムアントラセンのパラジアム触媒サイクロペンタヌレーションポリメリゼーションと様々なビス・アリレチニル・アレン.
  • ベンゼン,チオフェン,またはチオノ[3,2-b]チオフェン単位によるドナー-受容体共ポリマーの合成.
  • 鉄塩化物 (FeCl3) を用いたサイクロデヒドロジネーションにより,硬い梯子構造が形成される.
  • NMRスペクトロスコーピー (同位体で標識されたポリマーの13C NMRを含む) とUV-Visスペクトロスコーピーを用いた特徴付け.

主要な成果:

  • 分子重量 (Mn) が 9~22 kDa のドナー-受容体共ポリマーの成功合成
  • サイクロデヒドロジネーションによる硬いレッダーポリマーの形成
  • 階段ポリマーは,広いUV-Vis吸収と狭い光帯のギャップ (1.17-1.29 eV) を表した.
  • 合成されたポリマーは,有機フィールド効果トランジスタにおけるp型半導体行動を示した.

結論:

  • サイクロペンタフューズされたPAHの非伝統的な合成が確立されました.
  • 開発されたポリマーは,有機電子アプリケーションのために望ましい光電子特性を持っています.
  • 合成戦略は,bis (アリルチニル) アレン単体を選択することによって,ポリマーの構造と特性を調節することを可能にします.