土地部門の持続可能性への道を見つけること
Lei Gao1, Brett A Bryan1,2
1CSIRO, Waite Campus, Urrbrae, South Australia 5064, Australia.
Nature
|April 14, 2017
まとめ
オーストラリアにおける持続可能な開発目標 (SDGs) の達成
科学分野:
- 環境科学
- 持続可能性科学
- 陸地システム科学
背景:
- 国連の17の持続可能な開発目標 (SDGs) は,持続可能性のためのグローバルな枠組みを提供します.
- 国家規模での実施には,科学に基づいた目標と強力なガバナンスが必要です.
- 持続可能な開発目標の実現可能性の評価は,国家による持続可能性の取り組みにとって極めて重要です.
研究 の 目的:
- オーストラリアの土地部門で複数のSDGの実現可能性を評価する.
- 目標達成に対する様々な将来の経路の影響を調査する.
- 国のSDGの実施における主要な推進要因とトレードオフを特定する.
主な方法:
- SDGの目標の規模を 異なる野心レベルと時間枠で調整する
- 土地利用トレードオフ (LUTO) 統合土地システムモデルを利用した.
- 環境,社会経済,技術,政策の 可能性のある648の経路をシミュレートしました
主要な成果:
- SDG目標の達成は,排出量削減,国内土地利用政策,土地利用変更の採用に非常に敏感です.
- 野心的な目標の達成率は高いが,持続可能性の全体的な成果は低い.
- 土地システムに固有のトレードオフがあるため,複数の目標を同時に達成することは困難です.
結論:
- 効果的な国家SDGの実施には,長期的な視点,柔軟性,複雑なトレードオフの認識が必要です.
- 土地部門は,食料生産,生物多様性,土地の劣化を優先し,同時に他の目標のための共同利益を引き出す必要があります.
- 統合された多部門分析は,効果的な国家持続可能性目標と介入の設定に不可欠です.
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