一夫一婦のネズミにおける親の介護の進化の遺伝的基礎
Andres Bendesky1,2,3, Young-Mi Kwon1,2, Jean-Marc Lassance1,2,3
1Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA.
Nature
|April 21, 2017
まとめ
ネズミの親の介護の違いは 遺伝性であり 特定の遺伝子に関連しています ヴァソプレシンという神経ペプチドは 巣を作る行動に影響を与え 親の介護の進化に 洞察力を与えてくれます
科学分野:
- 進化生物学
- 行動遺伝学
- 神経内分泌学
背景:
- 親の介護は哺乳類の生存に不可欠ですが その進化の原動力は十分に理解されていません
- 親の行動における有意な遺伝的差異は,密接に関連したマウス種であるPeromyscus polionotusとPeromyscus maniculatusの間に存在する.
研究 の 目的:
- 親の介護における種間差異の遺伝的根拠を調査する.
- 巣を作るなど 特定の親の行動に影響を与える特定の遺伝子と神経ペプチドを特定する
主な方法:
- 定量遺伝学は親のケアに関連するゲノム領域をマッピングするために使用されました.
- ペロミスカス・マウス・マウスの親の行動におけるバソプレシンの役割をテストするために,薬理学的および化学遺伝的技術が使用された.
主要な成果:
- 親の介護に影響を与える 12のゲノム領域が特定され,8つは性特異的な効果を示した.
- 視床下部のバソプレシンレベルは 巣を作る行動の減少と相関しています
- ヴァソプレッシンが巣を作るのを 抑制する事が確認されましたが 他の親の世話をする行動を 抑制することはありませんでした
結論:
- 神経ペプチドバソプレシンを含む遺伝的多様性は,様々な親のケア戦略の進化に寄与しています.
- 性別特有の遺伝的影響により,親の介護は男性と女性の間で独立して進化することができます.
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