Batrachochytrium salamandrivoransが媒介する サラマンダの絶滅の要因
Gwij Stegen1, Frank Pasmans1, Benedikt R Schmidt2,3
1Department of Pathology, Bacteriology and Avian Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium.
Nature
|April 21, 2017
まとめ
バトラコキトリウム・サラマンディヴォーランスというキトリド菌が ヨーロッパで火のサラマンダーの人口の急激な減少を引き起こしています 双重伝播戦略と宿主間の毒性は 両生類に対する広範な脅威を示唆しています
科学分野:
- 両生類の病気の生態
- 菌類学
- 保護生物学
背景:
- Batrachochytrium salamandrivorans (Bsal) はヨーロッパの両生類にとって重大な脅威となっている.
- Bsalの病気の生態系を理解することは,緩和努力にとって極めて重要です.
研究 の 目的:
- 感染,病気,Bsalの到着後の火のサラマンダの集団動態を監視する.
- Bsalの伝播戦略と毒性の要因を調査する
主な方法:
- 感染後のベルギーの火のサラマンダー群の2年間のフィールドモニタリング.
- 感染,病気の進行,宿主集団の動態の分析
- 様々な環境と宿主種におけるBsalの感染経路と毒性の評価
主要な成果:
- バサルの到着は 回復の兆しなく 急速な火のサラマンダー集団の崩壊をもたらしました
- 生存したサラマンダは 抵抗性が高まりませんでした 人口の変化により 死亡率の補償が困難になりました
- Bsalは二重の伝播戦略 (移動性および環境抵抗性非移動性胞子) を表しています.
- 菌類は水,土壌,アヌラン,および敏感な尿素貯蔵庫で毒性を維持した.
結論:
- Bsalの病気の生態は,二重伝染と広範な毒性を特徴とし,両生類の急速な減少を促進します.
- このキノコは"完璧な嵐"のように作用し,ヨーロッパ全土で 感染しやすいサラマンダの集団を 絶滅させかねない.
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