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南極の氷棚は,地表の川に溶けた水の輸出によって安定する可能性があります
Robin E Bell1, Winnie Chu1,2, Jonathan Kingslake1,2
1Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory of Columbia University, Palisades, New York, New York 10964, USA.
Nature
|April 21, 2017
まとめ
南極の氷棚に流れる川は 溶けた水を大量に排出し 氷棚の崩壊を防ぎます 温暖化が進む中で海面上昇を緩和する 重要なメカニズムです
科学分野:
- 氷河学
- 気候科学
- 海洋学
背景:
- 氷床に溶けた水が蓄積すると 破裂や解体が生じます
- 氷床の崩壊により 氷河の流れが加速し 地球の海面上昇に寄与します
- 地表の川は 溶融水の輸出のための 潜在的メカニズムを提供します
研究 の 目的:
- 南極の氷棚の 溶けた水の排水網を調査する
- 氷床の崩壊を防ぐためのネットワークの役割を評価する.
- 将来の海面上昇予測への影響を評価する.
主な方法:
- ナンセン氷床の溶けた川と滝のフィールド観測.
- 融解の季節における排水網の振る舞いの分析
- 他の氷棚の排水システムとの比較
主要な成果:
- 持続的で活発な溶融水の排水網は,ナンセン氷床からの溶融水の重要な部分を輸出しています.
- 水は滝や谷間を通って 輸出され,1つの川は 7日間で 溶け出します
- 排水網は,より長く活動し,より多くの水を輸出することで,より暖かい条件に適応します.
- 似たようなネットワークは他のシェルフにも存在し,現在も溶けた水を保持している.
結論:
- 活動的な地表川は 南極の氷棚から 溶けた水を効果的に 運ぶことができるのです
- これらの排水システムは 温暖化が進む気候で 氷床の安定化に 重要な役割を果たすかもしれません
- 融水保持と輸出を制御する要因を理解するにはさらなる研究が必要です.
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