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The Tumor Microenvironment02:17

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Every normal cell or tissue is embedded in a complex local environment called stroma, consisting of different cell types, a basal membrane, and blood vessels. As normal cells mutate and develop into cancer cells, their local environment also changes to allow cancer progression. The tumor microenvironment (TME) consists of a complex cellular matrix of stromal cells and the developing tumor. The cross-talk between cancer cells and surrounding stromal cells is critical to disrupt normal tissue...
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Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
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The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
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重金属 が 腫瘍 の 免疫 を 軽く する

Jonathan H Chen1, Karin Pelka2, Nir Hacohen2

  • 1Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Center for Cancer Research, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA.

Cell
|May 6, 2017
PubMed
まとめ

ヒトがんの免疫環境を理解することは 効果的な免疫療法に不可欠です 最近の2つの研究では,肺腺癌とクリア細胞腎臓細胞癌の免疫細胞を分析するために,質量細胞測定を用いた.

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科学分野:

  • 免疫学
  • 腫瘍学
  • バイオテクノロジー

背景:

  • 効果的ながん免疫療法の開発には 腫瘍の免疫マイクロ環境の詳細な理解が必要です
  • 以前の研究では,様々ながんの免疫浸透体の異質性を強調しています.

研究 の 目的:

  • 肺腺癌とクリア細胞腎臓癌の免疫細胞組成を調べる
  • 将来の免疫療法戦略に役立つ 免疫環境の洞察を提供するためです

主な方法:

  • 大量細胞測定 (飛行時間による細胞測定) を用い,高次元単細胞分析を行った.
  • 腫瘍組織内の免疫浸透は 細かく特徴づけられました

主要な成果:

  • 肺腺がんにおける免疫細胞集団とその空間的分布の詳細なプロファイリング.
  • 透明細胞腎臓細胞癌の免疫浸透体の包括的な分析で, 独特の免疫シグネチャーを明らかにした.

結論:

  • マス・サイトメトリは ヒトの癌における 複雑な免疫浸透体を解剖する強力なアプローチを提供します
  • これらの発見は,がんに対する免疫のより深い理解に貢献し,免疫療法介入の改善への道を開きます.