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Radical Reactivity: Steric Effects01:10

Radical Reactivity: Steric Effects

2.6K
The presence of electron-donating, electron-withdrawing, or conjugating groups adjacent to a radical center, imparts electronic stabilization to the radicals. Examples of such electronically-stabilized radicals are triphenylmethyl, tetramethylpiperidine‐N‐oxide, and 2,2‐diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl. These radicals are remarkably stable and are known as persistent radicals. Some of the persistent radicals can even be isolated and purified.
Along with electronic...
2.6K
Radical Reactivity: Nucleophilic Radicals01:16

Radical Reactivity: Nucleophilic Radicals

2.7K
Radicals adjacent to electron-donating groups are called nucleophilic radicals. These radicals readily react with electrophilic alkenes. The SOMO–LUMO interactions are the driving force for the reaction, where the high-energy SOMO of the electron-rich, nucleophilic radicals interacts with the low-energy LUMO of the electron-deficient, electrophilic alkenes. Such SOMO–LUMO interactions are the basis of reactive radical traps, affecting the selectivity in radical reactions. For...
2.7K
Radical Reactivity: Electrophilic Radicals01:02

Radical Reactivity: Electrophilic Radicals

2.5K
Radicals adjacent to electron‐withdrawing groups are called electrophilic radicals. These radicals readily react with nucleophilic alkenes. For example, the malonate radical, in which the radical center is flanked by two electron‐withdrawing groups, reacts readily with butyl vinyl ether, which consists of an electron‐donating oxygen substituent. The reaction between electrophilic malonate radical and nucleophilic vinyl ether is favored because the radical has a...
2.5K
Radical Substitution: Hydrogenolysis of Alkyl Halides with Tributyltin Hydride01:26

Radical Substitution: Hydrogenolysis of Alkyl Halides with Tributyltin Hydride

2.3K
Radical substitution reactions can be used to remove functional groups from molecules. The hydrogenolysis of alkyl halides is one such reaction, where the weak Sn–H bond in tributyltin hydride reacts with alkyl halides to form alkanes. Here, the reagent Bu3SnH yields tributyltin halide as a byproduct.
The bonds formed in this reaction are stronger than the bonds broken, making it energetically favorable. The reaction follows a radical chain mechanism similar to radical halogenation reactions,...
2.3K
Radical Reactivity: Overview01:11

Radical Reactivity: Overview

2.9K
Radicals, the highly reactive species, gain stability by undergoing three different reactions. The first reaction involves a radical-radical coupling, in which a radical combines with another radical, forming a spin‐paired molecule. The second reaction is between a radical and a spin‐paired molecule, generating a new radical and a new spin‐paired molecule. The third reaction is radical decomposition in a unimolecular reaction, forming a new radical and a spin‐paired...
2.9K
Stability of Conjugated Dienes01:28

Stability of Conjugated Dienes

4.6K
Introduction
A comparison of the enthalpies of hydrogenation of dienes reveals that conjugated dienes release less heat on hydrogenation, rendering them more stable than their nonconjugated analogs.
4.6K

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Isolating Free Carbenes, their Mixed Dimers and Organic Radicals
10:44

Isolating Free Carbenes, their Mixed Dimers and Organic Radicals

Published on: April 19, 2019

11.7K

安定したアニオンのディチオリン基

Yuzhong Wang1, Hunter P Hickox1, Yaoming Xie1

  • 1Department of Chemistry and the Center for Computational Chemistry, The University of Georgia , Athens, Georgia 30602-2556, United States.

Journal of the American Chemical Society
|May 9, 2017
PubMed
まとめ
この要約は機械生成です。

研究者は,N-ヘテロサイクリックカルベンの硫化によって新しいアニオン型ディチオレン基を合成した. この基質は,独特のゲルマニウム (IV) -ビス (ディチオリエン) 複合体を生成するために使用され,無機化学の知識を拡大しました.

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Free Radicals in Chemical Biology: from Chemical Behavior to Biomarker Development
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Free Radicals in Chemical Biology: from Chemical Behavior to Biomarker Development

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Vibrational Spectra of a N719-Chromophore/Titania Interface from Empirical-Potential Molecular-Dynamics Simulation, Solvated by a Room Temperature Ionic Liquid
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Vibrational Spectra of a N719-Chromophore/Titania Interface from Empirical-Potential Molecular-Dynamics Simulation, Solvated by a Room Temperature Ionic Liquid

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Free Radicals in Chemical Biology: from Chemical Behavior to Biomarker Development
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Vibrational Spectra of a N719-Chromophore/Titania Interface from Empirical-Potential Molecular-Dynamics Simulation, Solvated by a Room Temperature Ionic Liquid
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Vibrational Spectra of a N719-Chromophore/Titania Interface from Empirical-Potential Molecular-Dynamics Simulation, Solvated by a Room Temperature Ionic Liquid

Published on: January 25, 2020

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科学分野:

  • 無機化学
  • 有機金属化学
  • 材料科学

背景:

  • N-ヘテロサイクリックカルベン (NHCs) は,協調化学における多用途リガンドである.
  • 硫化反応は新しい硫黄を含む化合物への経路を提供します.
  • ディチオリン複合体は,触媒と電子を含む様々な分野において重要である.

研究 の 目的:

  • 新しいアニオンのディチオレン基を合成し,特徴づけること.
  • ゲルマニウム前駆体との反応性を調べるためだ
  • ゲルマニウム複合体の結合性質を調査する

主な方法:

  • アニオンのN-ヘテロサイクリックディカルベンの前駆者を元素硫黄で硫化する.
  • 実験技術 (例えば,X線結晶学) を用いて合成された化合物の特徴づけ.
  • 結合特性に関する理論的計算.

主要な成果:

  • 硫化ポリマーNHCの合成に成功しました
  • C-H活性化による最初の構造的に特徴づけられたアニオンのディチオレン基の形成.
  • アニオンゲルマニウム (IV) -ビス (ディチオリン) 複合体の合成.

結論:

  • この研究は,アニオンのディチオレンラジカルとその複合体への新しい経路を示しています.
  • この発見は,NHCによる硫化化学の範囲を広げている.
  • 特徴づけられたゲルマニウム複合体は,材料科学の応用のための新しい可能性を提供します.