低緯度と高さで昆虫の捕食のリスクが高くなる
Tomas Roslin1,2, Bess Hardwick2, Vojtech Novotny3,4,5
1Spatial Foodweb Ecology Group, Department of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Post Office Box 7044, SE-750 07 Uppsala, Sweden. tomas.roslin@slu.se.
まとめ
捕食者のリスクは赤道や低地へ向かって 増加しています このパターンは節足類の捕食者によって引き起こされ,生態系の相互作用に影響を与える一貫した要因を強調しています.
科学分野:
- エコロジー
- グローバル 変化 生物学
- 動物学
背景:
- 生物の相互作用は生態系の機能に根本的な役割を果たしますが,その結果については予測が困難です.
- 相互作用の強さが環境のグラデーションによってどのように変化するかを理解することは,生態学理論にとって極めて重要です.
研究 の 目的:
- 生物学的相互作用の強度,特に捕食のリスクが赤道に向かって増加するかどうかをテストする.
- 捕食パターンの緯度と高さの影響を調査する.
主な方法:
- 捕食のリスクを定量化するために モデルキャタピラーを使った 世界的な実験です
- 6つの大陸を横断する 11,660キロメートルの緯度グラデーションで収集されたデータです
- 捕食率に影響を与える捕食者 (関節足類,鳥類,哺乳類) の分析
主要な成果:
- 大陸の赤道に向かって 捕食の危険性が著しく増加しました
- 標高が低い地域では 捕食者が増加する傾向が見られた.
- 鳥や哺乳類ではなく 節足の捕食動物が この緯度や高度の捕食の原動力でした
結論:
- 生物の相互作用の強さは一貫したグローバルと地域的なパターンを示し,赤道とより低い標高の近くで増加します.
- 節足類の捕食のダイナミクスは これらの大規模な生態系を形作る 重要な要因であるようです
- 発見は草食,コミュニティエコロジー,生命の歴史進化のより広範な理論に統合する必要があります.
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