霊長類の脳における ソーシャル・インタラクション処理のための 専用のネットワーク
1The Rockefeller University, 1230 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA. jsliwa@rockefeller.edu wfreiwald@rockefeller.edu.
まとめ
研究者らは 猿の前頭前皮質を中心に 社会的相互作用を分析する 脳のネットワークを発見しました この専用のシステムは 人間の心を読む能力の 進化の先駆者かもしれません
科学分野:
- 神経科学
- 霊長類の認知能力
- 社会神経科学
背景:
- 霊長類の認知は 代理人やオブジェクトを理解するために 相互作用を処理することに依存しています
- 社会的,物理的な相互作用を分析する 神経学的基礎は,ほとんど不明のままです.
- 相互作用処理を理解することは 複雑な認知機能を理解する鍵です
研究 の 目的:
- 霊長類の社会と身体の相互作用を 分析する脳のネットワークを特定する
- 相互作用処理の神経特異性と専門性を調査する.
- 人間の社会的認知と 思考の進化の起源を探求する
主な方法:
- 全脳機能性磁気共鳴画像 (fMRI) をマカク類に用いた.
- 分析は,社会的,身体的相互作用のタスク中に活性化される脳の領域を特定することに焦点を当てました.
- ネットワーク分析は 脳全体の機能的特異性を マップするために使われました
主要な成果:
- 主に中側と腹側前頭皮質にある 独立したネットワークは 社会的相互作用の分析に専念していました
- 他の脳の領域は 他の機能の 専用の特異性を示しませんでした
- 側頭前運動領域と側頭前運動領域の 追加のネットワークは 社会的相互作用と身体的相互作用の両方を好むことを示しました
- テンポラルロブ領域は,インタラクション処理内の物体,体,顔に対する細粒子の選択性を示した.
結論:
- 前頭前皮質は霊長類の 社会的相互作用分析のための 特殊なシステムを備えています
- この専用の社会的交流ネットワークは 人間の心の能力の進化の先駆けです
- インタラクション処理には 分散したけれど 特殊なニューラルネットワークが含まれており 物理的刺激と社会的な刺激の 異なる領域がある.
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