高齢 者 の 鬱 症 の 治療: レビュー
Rob M Kok1, Charles F Reynolds2
1Department of Old Age Psychiatry, Parnassia Psychiatric Institute, the Hague, the Netherlands.
JAMA
|May 24, 2017
まとめ
重度のうつ病は高齢者に多く見られ,抗うつ薬や電気療法で治療できます. 精神療法や運動のような 薬物以外の選択肢は 高齢者の軽度から中等度のうつ病に 効果的です
科学分野:
- 老年精神科
- 臨床心理学
- 薬理学について
背景:
- うつ病は高齢者の生活の質に大きく影響し,年齢とともに増加しています.
- うつ病を患っている高齢者は 症状と認知障害を併せて患っていることが多いので 診断も治療も不十分です
- 55歳以上の成人の2%が重度のうつ病に罹り,さらに10~15%が重度のうつ病症状を経験しています.
研究 の 目的:
- 高齢者のうつ病の流行,発現,治療について見直す.
- 高齢者のうつ病の管理における課題と考慮事項を強調し,ポリファーマシーと有害事象を含む.
- 高齢者における重度および軽度から中等度のうつ病に対する根拠に基づいた治療方法を議論する.
主な方法:
- 高齢者のうつ病に関する文献レビューで,治療の有効性と安全性に焦点を当てた.
- 高齢者のうつ病における一般的な症状,併発症,認知状態の分析.
- 抗うつ薬,心理療法,電気療法を含む薬理学的および非薬理学的治療法の評価
主要な成果:
- 抗うつ薬と電気治療は高齢者の重度のうつ病に有効です.
- 精神療法と運動療法は 軽度から中等度のうつ病の治療に有効であり,特に非薬剤学的アプローチを好む人,または薬剤に耐えられない人に対して有効である.
- 鬱病の高齢者は,ポリファーマと薬物相互作用による有害事象のリスクが増加したため,しばしば注意深い管理を必要とします.
結論:
- 高齢者の重度のうつ病は 蔓延し,治療可能な状態です.
- 薬剤や治療法を含む様々な治療法があり,その選択はうつ病の重さや患者の要因に基づいています.
- STOPP/STARTの基準のようなツールを用いて ポリファーマを最小限に抑えることが 安全で効果的な高齢者のうつ病管理に不可欠です
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