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北極海底からの水分制御メタンの排出によって形成された巨大な吹き出しクレーター
K Andreassen1, A Hubbard2, M Winsborrow2
1Centre for Arctic Gas Hydrate, Environment and Climate (CAGE), Department of Geosciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, N-9037 Tromsø, Norway. karin.andreassen@uit.no.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|June 3, 2017
まとめ
北極のガスの水解から大量にメタンが放出されることが懸念されています. この研究は,氷床の退却に伴う亜氷河ガス水素の不安定化による広範囲にわたるクレーター形成を明らかにし,将来の気候変動への影響を及ぼします.
科学分野:
- 地理科学
- 気候科学
- 海洋地質学
背景:
- 北極のガス水素は 強力な温室効果ガスであるメタンの排出源です
- 氷河下のガス水素からメタンの排出を誘発するプロセスは,まだ十分に理解されていません.
- これまでの研究は,これらの環境からのメタンの源と流れを完全に制限できませんでした.
研究 の 目的:
- 氷河下のガス水素からメタンが放出されるメカニズムを調査する.
- 過去のメタン排出の証拠を 文書化するために
- 氷河期中のガス水素からメタンの収縮と放出をモデル化する.
主な方法:
- メタンの放出に関連する海底の特徴を特定するための地質学的調査.
- メタンの移動と蓄積をシミュレートするために,氷床とガス水素のモデリング.
- 過去の氷河と水素の動態を再構築するための地質学的データの分析.
主要な成果:
- バレンツ海底にある1キロメートルの広さのクレーターと丘の特定 メタンの放出に関連しています
- モデリングは,氷河期における炭化水素貯蔵庫からのメタンの移動と,氷河下のガス水化物として封じ込めを示しています.
- 凝集した水素結合ガスによる氷床の退却で突然のメタンの放出とクレーター形成が発生した.
結論:
- 氷河下のガス水素の不安定化とメタンの放出は,氷河化石油州で重要なプロセスです.
- 記録されたバレンツ海でのイベントは,現代の氷床からメタンの潜在的な将来の放出のためのアナログを提供します.
- これらのプロセスを理解することは,北極のガス水素の解凍に伴う気候変動のリスクを評価するために不可欠です.
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