不一致修復欠陥は,固体腫瘍のPD-1阻害に対する反応を予測する
Dung T Le1,2,3, Jennifer N Durham1,2,3, Kellie N Smith1,3
1Bloomberg-Kimmel Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA.
まとめ
多くの変異を持つ不一致修復欠陥がんは,プログラムされた死亡受容体-1 (PD-1) 阻害に対する高い反応率を示しています. この免疫療法のアプローチは様々ながんに有効で 患者さんには持続的な利点をもたらします
科学分野:
- 腫瘍学
- 免疫学
- 遺伝学
背景:
- 不一致修復欠乏症の癌は,高い変異負荷を示しています.
- 以前の研究では,不適合修復が欠けている大腸がんがPD- 1 阻害に対する感受性を示した.
研究 の 目的:
- プログラムされた死亡受容体-1 (PD-1) 阻害の有効性を評価する.
主な方法:
- PD-1 ブロックの有効性に関する概念実証試験を拡大しました.
- 12種類の腫瘍の進行した不一致修復欠陥がん患者も含めた.
- 評価された放射線反応,無進行生存,全生存.
主要な成果:
- 客観的な放射線反応は53%の患者で観察された.
- 患者の21%で完全な応答が達成された.
- 回答は持続し,中位は進行せず,全生存期は達成されなかった.
結論:
- 不一致修復欠陥がんは,腫瘍の起源に関係なくPD-1阻害に敏感である.
- これらのがんにおける高ネオアンチゲン負荷は,免疫チェックポイントの阻害に対する感受性を引き起こす可能性が高い.
- PD-1阻害は,不適合修復欠陥がんに対する有望な治療戦略です.
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