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関連する概念動画

Anatomy of the Eyeball01:20

Anatomy of the Eyeball

10.3K
The eye is a spherical, hollow structure composed of three tissue layers. The outer layer — the fibrous tunic, comprises the sclera — a white structure — and the cornea, which is transparent. The sclera encompasses some of the ocular surface, most of which is not visible. However, the 'white of the eye' is distinctively visible in humans compared to other species. The cornea, a clear covering at the front of the eye, enables light penetration. The eye's middle...
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Vision01:24

Vision

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Vision is the result of light being detected and transduced into neural signals by the retina of the eye. This information is then further analyzed and interpreted by the brain. First, light enters the front of the eye and is focused by the cornea and lens onto the retina—a thin sheet of neural tissue lining the back of the eye. Because of refraction through the convex lens of the eye, images are projected onto the retina upside-down and reversed.
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Neurogenesis and Regeneration of Nervous Tissue01:15

Neurogenesis and Regeneration of Nervous Tissue

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In the CNS, neurogenesis, the birth of new neurons from stem cells, is limited to the hippocampus in adults. In other regions of the brain and spinal cord, neurogenesis is almost non-existent due to inhibitory influences from neuroglia, especially oligodendrocytes, and the absence of growth-stimulating cues. The myelin produced by oligodendrocytes in the CNS inhibits neuronal regeneration. Furthermore, astrocytes proliferate rapidly after neuronal damage, forming scar tissue that physically...
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The Retina01:32

The Retina

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The retina is a layer of nervous tissue at the back of the eye that transduces light into neural signals. This process, called phototransduction, is carried out by rod and cone photoreceptor cells in the back of the retina.
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Photoreceptors and Visual Pathways01:22

Photoreceptors and Visual Pathways

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At the molecular level, visual signals trigger transformations in photopigment molecules, resulting in changes in the photoreceptor cell's membrane potential. The photon's energy level is denoted by its wavelength, with each specific wavelength of visible light associated with a distinct color. The spectral range of visible light, classified as electromagnetic radiation, spans from 380 to 720 nm. Electromagnetic radiation wavelengths exceeding 720 nm fall under the infrared category,...
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Visual System01:26

Visual System

2.1K
Light enters the eye through the cornea, a transparent, dome-shaped surface covering the surface of the eyeball that helps to direct and focus incoming light. This light is then channeled toward the pupil, an adjustable opening whose size is controlled by the iris. The iris, a pigmented muscle, regulates the amount of light entering the eye by contracting or dilating the pupil, thereby ensuring optimal light levels for clear vision.
Once through the pupil, the light passes through the lens, a...
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関連する実験動画

Updated: Feb 28, 2026

An Optic Nerve Crush Injury Murine Model to Study Retinal Ganglion Cell Survival
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An Optic Nerve Crush Injury Murine Model to Study Retinal Ganglion Cell Survival

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眼から脳への光学経路の再生

Bireswar Laha1, Ben K Stafford1, Andrew D Huberman2,3,4

  • 1Department of Neurobiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.

Science (New York, N.Y.)
|June 10, 2017
PubMed
まとめ

研究 者 たち は,損傷 し た 網膜 の ギャングリア 細胞 (RGC) を 再生 し て 視力 を 回復 する 方法 を 研究 し て い ます. 有望な戦略には 成長プログラムを再活性化したり 遺伝子治療を利用したり 視力修復のための網膜義肢の開発などがあります

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Optic Nerve Transection: A Model of Adult Neuron Apoptosis in the Central Nervous System
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Optic Nerve Transection: A Model of Adult Neuron Apoptosis in the Central Nervous System

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Methods for Experimental Manipulations after Optic Nerve Transection in the Mammalian CNS
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Methods for Experimental Manipulations after Optic Nerve Transection in the Mammalian CNS

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関連する実験動画

Last Updated: Feb 28, 2026

An Optic Nerve Crush Injury Murine Model to Study Retinal Ganglion Cell Survival
09:07

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Optic Nerve Transection: A Model of Adult Neuron Apoptosis in the Central Nervous System
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科学分野:

  • 神経科学
  • 眼科について
  • 再生医療

背景:

  • 人類は視力に大きく依存しているので 視力を回復することが重要な目標です
  • 網膜のギャングリア細胞 (RGCs) は,視覚情報を脳に伝達するために不可欠です.
  • RGCの損傷は,再生能力が限られているため,不可逆的な視力喪失につながります.

研究 の 目的:

  • 光学システムの再生と修復に関する現在の研究をレビューする.
  • 視覚障害者の視力を回復するための治療戦略を探求する.
  • ヒトの視力の回復の可能性を評価する.

主な方法:

  • RGC再生と光学システムの修復に関する既存の科学文献のレビュー
  • RGCの内在成長プログラムを調査する研究の分析.
  • 神経活動,移植,遺伝子治療,網膜の義肢に関する研究の検討.

主要な成果:

  • 内在的な発達プログラムは,再生を促進するためにRGCで再活性化することができます.
  • 神経活動により,RGCの再生能力を高めることができます.
  • 目と脳との接続の機能的回復は,成人でも達成可能である.

結論:

  • 視覚系の再生と修復は 失明と闘うのに有効な手段です
  • 遺伝子治療や網膜の義肢のような治療法は 視力を回復する見込みです
  • 近い将来,ある種の失明の 機能的な視力の回復が予想されます.