眼から脳への光学経路の再生
Bireswar Laha1, Ben K Stafford1, Andrew D Huberman2,3,4
1Department of Neurobiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|June 10, 2017
まとめ
研究 者 たち は,損傷 し た 網膜 の ギャングリア 細胞 (RGC) を 再生 し て 視力 を 回復 する 方法 を 研究 し て い ます. 有望な戦略には 成長プログラムを再活性化したり 遺伝子治療を利用したり 視力修復のための網膜義肢の開発などがあります
科学分野:
- 神経科学
- 眼科について
- 再生医療
背景:
- 人類は視力に大きく依存しているので 視力を回復することが重要な目標です
- 網膜のギャングリア細胞 (RGCs) は,視覚情報を脳に伝達するために不可欠です.
- RGCの損傷は,再生能力が限られているため,不可逆的な視力喪失につながります.
研究 の 目的:
- 光学システムの再生と修復に関する現在の研究をレビューする.
- 視覚障害者の視力を回復するための治療戦略を探求する.
- ヒトの視力の回復の可能性を評価する.
主な方法:
- RGC再生と光学システムの修復に関する既存の科学文献のレビュー
- RGCの内在成長プログラムを調査する研究の分析.
- 神経活動,移植,遺伝子治療,網膜の義肢に関する研究の検討.
主要な成果:
- 内在的な発達プログラムは,再生を促進するためにRGCで再活性化することができます.
- 神経活動により,RGCの再生能力を高めることができます.
- 目と脳との接続の機能的回復は,成人でも達成可能である.
結論:
- 視覚系の再生と修復は 失明と闘うのに有効な手段です
- 遺伝子治療や網膜の義肢のような治療法は 視力を回復する見込みです
- 近い将来,ある種の失明の 機能的な視力の回復が予想されます.
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