重力軸と体軸に沿った運動のための網膜のコード
Shai Sabbah1, John A Gemmer2, Ananya Bhatia-Lin1
1Department of Neuroscience, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, USA.
Nature
|June 14, 2017
まとめ
マウスの網膜の方向感性ギャングリオン細胞 (DSGC) は,自己運動検出のための特定の光学フローパターンをマッピングします. このニューラル・アンサンブルは 翻訳と回転をコードし バランスとイメージの安定化を助けます
科学分野:
- 神経科学
- 視覚科学
- 感覚システム
背景:
- 自己運動の知覚は,バランスとイメージの安定化のための統合された視覚と前庭の入力に依存しています.
- 自己運動の視覚的処理には 光学的な流れがあり 変換と回転のパターンが異なります
研究 の 目的:
- ネズミの網膜における方向感性ギャングリア細胞 (DSGCs) の地形組織と方向調節を調査する.
- DSGCが変換と回転を含む様々な種類の自己運動をどのようにコードするのかを決定する.
主な方法:
- マウスの平らな網膜のインビトロ分析
- 個々のDSGCサブタイプの方向偏好を検証する.
- シミュレートされた光学フローフィールドに対する細胞の反応をマッピングする.
主要な成果:
- DSGCは,特定の変換光学フローフィールドに整合した地形的な方向偏好を示します.
- 身体と重力の軸に沿った4つの主要な方向 (前方,後方,上方,下方) が描かれています.
- ON-DSGCとON-OFF-DSGCは,それぞれ異なるチャネル重みで変換と回転をコードする.
結論:
- DSGCは 翻訳と回転を通して 独自の自己運動をコードする 神経アンサンブルを形成します
- 自己運動のための網膜の座標系は,前庭系とは異なる.
- この細胞の特殊化は 効率的なナビゲーションとバランスに寄与します
関連する概念動画
Relative Motion Analysis using Rotating Axes
1.0K
Consider a component AB undergoing a linear motion. Along with a linear motion, point B also rotates around point A. To comprehend this complex movement, position vectors for both points A and B are established using a stationary reference frame.
However, to express the relative position of point B relative to point A, an additional frame of reference, denoted as x'y', is necessary. This additional frame not only translates but also rotates relative to the fixed frame, making it...
However, to express the relative position of point B relative to point A, an additional frame of reference, denoted as x'y', is necessary. This additional frame not only translates but also rotates relative to the fixed frame, making it...
1.0K
Curvilinear Motion: Rectangular Components
1.4K
Curvilinear motion characterizes the movement of a particle or object along a curved path, notably evident when envisioning a car navigating a winding road. If the car starts at point A, its position vector is established within a fixed frame of reference, where the ratio of the position vector to its magnitude signifies the unit vector pointing in the position vector's direction.
As the car advances, its position evolves over time. Quantifying the car's velocity involves computing the...
As the car advances, its position evolves over time. Quantifying the car's velocity involves computing the...
1.4K
Rotational Motion about a Fixed Axis
1.6K
A rigid body's rotation around a fixed axis makes every point within it trace a circular path around a specific line or point. The term given to this type of spinning is defined by the angular position, symbolized by the angle θ. This angle is gauged from a static reference line to the revolving object. From this angular position, any variation is referred to as angular displacement, denoted by dθ. The extent of this displacement can be calculated in degrees, radians, or...
1.6K
Curvilinear Motion: Polar Coordinates
1.1K
In polar coordinates, the motion of a particle follows a curvilinear path. The radial coordinate symbolized as 'r,' extends outward from a fixed origin to the particle, while the angular coordinate, 'θ,' measured in radians, represents the counterclockwise angle between a fixed reference line and the radial line connecting the origin to the particle.
The particle's location is described using a unit vector along the radial direction. Deriving the particle's position...
The particle's location is described using a unit vector along the radial direction. Deriving the particle's position...
1.1K
Relative Motion Analysis using Rotating Axes - Acceleration
902
Consider a component AB undergoing a linear motion. Along with a linear motion, point B also rotates around point A. To comprehend this complex movement, position vectors for both points A and B are established using a stationary reference frame. The absolute velocity of point B is determined by adding the absolute velocity of point A, the relative velocity of point B in the rotating frame, and the effects caused by the angular velocity within the rotating frame.
Time differentiation is...
Time differentiation is...
902
Relative Motion Analysis using Rotating Axes-Problem Solving
804
Consider a crane whose telescopic boom rotates with an angular velocity of 0.04 rad/s and angular acceleration of 0.02 rad/s2. Along with the rotation, the boom also extends linearly with a uniform speed of 5 m/s. The extension of the boom is measured at point D, which is measured with respect to the fixed point C on the other end of the boom. For the given instant, the distance between points C and D is 60 meters.
Here, in order to determine the magnitude of velocity and acceleration for point...
Here, in order to determine the magnitude of velocity and acceleration for point...
804


