宿主とウイルスの特徴は,哺乳類からの動物性感染症の拡散を予測する
Kevin J Olival1, Parviez R Hosseini1, Carlos Zambrana-Torrelio1
1EcoHealth Alliance, 460 West 34th Street, New York, New York 10001, USA.
Nature
|June 22, 2017
まとめ
パンデミックの可能性のある野生生物ウイルスを特定することは極めて重要です. この研究は,どの哺乳類が動物性感染症ウイルスを抱えているかを予測し,バットが不均衡に代表されていることを発見し,新たな感染症に対する将来の監視努力を導く.
科学分野:
- 動物学
- ウイルス学
- 流行病学
背景:
- 人間の新興感染症のほとんどは野生の哺乳類に由来する動物性感染症です.
- 野生動物からのウイルスの広がりを理解することは,パンデミック監視に不可欠です.
- 動物性感染症の拡散を予測する分析ツールが限られている.
研究 の 目的:
- 哺乳類の宿主ウイルス関係を分析し,動物感染の可能性を予測する.
- 宿主種とウイルスを特定し 将来のヒトの流行を引き起こす可能性が高い.
- 新型ウイルスによる動物感染リスクを評価するための枠組みを策定する.
主な方法:
- 哺乳類の宿主ウイルス相互作用の包括的な分析
- 統計モデリングは,研究努力を制御します.
- 宿主-ウイルス関係と宿主特性の遺伝分析.
主要な成果:
- 種ごとにウイルスの数と動物性感染症の割合は予測可能である.
- ヒトとの系統遺伝的関連性,宿主分類法,ヒトの人口密度は動物性感染症の割合を予測する.
- 他の哺乳類と比較して,コウモリには動物性感染症ウイルスの割合が著しく高い.
- 特定された"欠落したウイルス"と"欠落した動物病"の高リスク分類と地域.
結論:
- 予測モデルにより,動物性感染症の可能性の高い種やウイルスを特定できます.
- 蝙蝠は動物性感染症ウイルスの 重要な貯蔵庫です
- この枠組みは,将来のパンデミックを防ぐための監視の取り組みを優先させるのに役立ちます.
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