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初期の四足類の形態学的多様性

Jason D Pardo1, Matt Szostakiwskyj2, Per E Ahlberg3

  • 1Department of Comparative Biology and Experimental Medicine, University of Calgary, 3330 Hospital Drive, Calgary, Alberta T2N 4N1, Canada.

Nature
|June 22, 2017
PubMed
まとめ

初期の四足類の進化は かつて考えられていたよりも多様でした エイストポッド・レチスカス・ストーキの新しい分析は 原始的な特徴を明らかにし 幹四足体の多様性と関係に関する現在の理解に挑戦しています

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関連する実験動画

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科学分野:

  • 古生物学
  • 進化生物学
  • 比較解剖学

背景:

  • 初期の四足類の進化に関する 系統遺伝学的な分析は,陸上の適応が徐々に進んだ均質な幹群を示唆している.
  • テトラポッドの冠群は 重要な形態学的多様性を表している.
  • エイストポッドはレチスカス・ストーキのように 以前は高度に特化したクラウングループの一員と考えられていた.

研究 の 目的:

  • 初期の四足類の遺伝的位置と頭蓋骨の形状を再評価する. 特にLethiscus stockiというアイスポッド.
  • 初期の四足類の進化と 幹群の多様性に関する 既存のコンセンサスに挑戦する
  • 遺伝子解析と分子時計の校正のための新しい形態学的データの影響を調査する.

主な方法:

  • Lethiscus stockiのサンプルをマイクロコンピュータトモグラフィーでスキャンする.
  • 詳細な頭蓋骨と頭蓋骨の形状を 解剖する
  • アイストポッドからの新しい形態学的データを取り入れた 系統遺伝分析

主要な成果:

  • Lethiscus stockiは 非常に原始的な頭蓋骨の特徴を示し 螺旋状のノッチとノトコルドの残骸を含んでいます
  • アイストーポッドは 冠のグループではなく テトラポッドの幹のグループに深く置かれています
  • 以前から認められていた系統遺伝的関係が異議を唱えられ,レポスポンディル系が潜在的にアンニオットに含まれている.
  • 幹群の四足類は,これまで考えられていたより大きな体型多様性を示しています.

結論:

  • 幹群テトラポッドの多様性は過小評価されていた.
  • アイストーポッドはテトラポッド幹群の基礎系統を表しています.
  • 初期のテトラポッドの進化に関する現在の遺伝学的な枠組みと校正日付は改定する必要があります.
  • 早期のテトラポッドの進化関係を解明するために,キャラクターサンプリングが不可欠です.