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Vaccinations01:51

Vaccinations

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Overview
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Rous Sarcoma Virus (RSV) and Cancer01:03

Rous Sarcoma Virus (RSV) and Cancer

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Rous Sarcoma virus or RSV was discovered by F. Peyton Rous in the year 1911 as a filterable transmissible agent that could cause tumors in chickens. He won a Nobel Prize for this discovery in 1966. His experiments clearly demonstrated that some cancers could be caused by infectious agents and led to the discovery of many more cancer-causing viruses in animals as well as humans.
RSV is a retrovirus that contains two copies of a plus-strand  RNA genome. Its genome consists of four main open...
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Immunodeficiency Diseases01:25

Immunodeficiency Diseases

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Immunodeficiency disorders are conditions in which the immune system's ability to fight infectious disease and cancer is compromised or entirely absent. The immune system comprises a complex network of cells, tissues, and organs that work together to protect the body from potentially harmful invaders. When this system is deficient or not functioning properly, it leaves the body susceptible to infections, diseases, or other complications.
There are three main causes of immunodeficiency...
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Transmission-based Precautions II: Airborne and Protective Environment01:25

Transmission-based Precautions II: Airborne and Protective Environment

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Transmission-based precautions are for patients infected or suspected to be infected (or colonized) with organisms posing a significant risk to others. The transmission precautions include airborne and protective environment precautions.
Airborne precautions:
Use airborne precautions when treating patients known or suspected to have diseases that spread through the air—for example, tuberculosis or measles. These organisms are present in smaller droplets expelled by an infected person and...
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Meiosis vs. Mitosis02:57

Meiosis vs. Mitosis

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Cell division is necessary for growth and reproduction in organisms. Mitosis aids cell growth and development by dividing somatic cells. In contrast, meiosis causes the division of germ cells and plays an essential role in sexual reproduction. Due to their unique functional requirements, mitosis and meiosis differ from each other in multiple aspects.
Before the start of mitosis and meiosis I, the cell synthesizes DNA, resulting in two homologous copies of each chromosome. DNA synthesis is...
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What is Meiosis?01:34

What is Meiosis?

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Meiosis is the process by which diploid cells divide to produce haploid daughter cells. In humans, each diploid cell contains 46 chromosomes, half from the mother and half from the father. Following meiosis, the resulting haploid eggs or sperm only contain 23 chromosomes; however, each of these chromosomes contains a unique combination of parental information that results from the meiotic process of crossing over.
Although meiosis shares similarities with mitosis—both rely on microtubules...
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Paramyxoviruses for Tumor-targeted Immunomodulation: Design and Evaluation Ex Vivo
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Paramyxoviruses for Tumor-targeted Immunomodulation: Design and Evaluation Ex Vivo

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麻疹

William J Moss1

  • 1Department of Epidemiology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of International Health, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA; W Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA; International Vaccine Access Center, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.

Lancet (London, England)
|July 5, 2017
PubMed
まとめ
この要約は機械生成です。

麻疹 は 伝染 する ウイルス の 病気 で,毎年 10万 人 以上 の 死因 を 引き起こす. ワクチン接種は 麻疹の発生率と死亡率を大幅に減らし 世界規模で麻疹の撲滅に 力を入れています

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Multielectrode Array Recordings of the Vomeronasal Epithelium
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科学分野:

  • ウイルス学
  • 流行病学について
  • 公衆衛生

背景:

  • 麻疹は呼吸道経路で伝染する高度に伝染するウイルス性疾患です.
  • ワクチン接種によって減少したものの,世界的な死亡率を大きく引き起こす.
  • 合併症,特に肺炎は,罹病率と死亡率に貢献します.

研究 の 目的:

  • 麻疹の疫学と影響を検討する.
  • 麻疹の予防と根絶のために予防接種が重要であることを強調する.
  • 麻疹撲滅の取り組みにおける現在の課題と将来の方向性を議論する.

主な方法:

  • 麻疹の疫学,臨床表現,管理に関する文献レビュー.
  • 世界的な麻疹の発生率と死亡率の動向の分析
  • ワクチン接種戦略と進行中の研究を検証する.

主要な成果:

  • 麻疹の予防接種によって 年間死亡者数は200万人から10万人に急激に減少しました
  • 肺炎は,麻疹に関連した罹病率と死亡率につながる主要な合併症です.
  • 世界的なワクチン接種は停滞しており 撲滅の取り組みを阻害しています

結論:

  • ワクチン接種による麻疹予防は地域的な撲滅と世界的な撲滅に不可欠です.
  • 定期予防接種制度の強化と 2回接種接種率の拡大は不可欠です
  • 診断方法や 発症方法の革新は 麻疹の撲滅に向けた進歩を 加速させるかもしれません