無がアフィニティを高める方法:水害性リガンドがほぼ空いたS1'ポケットに結合する
Stefan G Krimmer1, Jonathan Cramer1, Johannes Schiebel1
1Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Marburg , Marbacher Weg 6, 35032 Marburg, Germany.
Journal of the American Chemical Society
|July 12, 2017
まとめ
水性のS1'ポケットは,水晶学とカロリメトリーによって確認されたように,実質的に水なしです. このポケットの水分化状態が結合親和性に著しく影響することをリガンドの設計が示した.
科学分野:
- 生物化学
- 構造生物学
- 酵素学
背景:
- サーモリシンのS1'ポケットは,亜基質特異性にとって重要な深層の水害性穴であり,典型的にはアリファティックサイドチェーンを結合します.
- 酵素活性部位の水分状態を理解することは,薬の設計と酵素機構の理解に不可欠です.
研究 の 目的:
- サーモリシンでS1'ポケットの水分状態を決定する.
- リガンド結合親和性におけるポケット水分化の役割を調査する.
主な方法:
- S1'ポケットを視覚化するために高解像度の結晶学を用いた.
- 結合熱力学を測定するために,同熱定位熱計 (ITC) が使用された.
- エンジニアリングされたリガンドは,S1のポケットのアクセシビリティと水分を検知するために設計されました.
主要な成果:
- S1'ポケットは,閉ざされた場合でも,水分子がほとんどないことが判明しました.
- 高貴なガスの原子がポケットに入ることができ,そのアクセシビリティを確認しました.
- S1'ポケット内のアリファティック置換剤の増加により,結合親和度は劇的に (41,000倍) 増加した.
結論:
- サーモリシンのS1'ポケットは主に無水です.
- S1'ポケットに水がないことは,水嫌性リガンドの結合エネルギーに大きく寄与する.
- これらの発見は,メタロプロテアスを標的とする酵素阻害剤の設計に意味を持つ.
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