細菌系から受け継がれるH3K27me3は,母体から胞胎への移行時に増強剤の機能を制限する

Fides Zenk^1,2, Eva Loeser¹, Rosaria Schiavo¹

¹Department of Chromatin Regulation, Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, D-79108 Freiburg, Germany.

Science (New York, N.Y.)

|July 15, 2017

まとめ

H3K27me3のような母性遺伝子は子孫の発達に不可欠ですこの抑制性ヒストンのマークは,母性因子によって伝播され,発達上の誤りを防止し,適切な遺伝子の活性化を保証します.

科学分野:

エピジェネティクスと発達生物学
遺伝の分子機構

背景:

ゲメットの表遺伝的変異は遺伝的に受け継がれ,子孫の発達に影響を与えます.
世代を超えたエピジェネティック継承のメカニズムと結果は,ほとんど不明のままです.
ヒストンの改変は遺伝子発現と遺伝を調節する上で重要な役割を果たします.

研究の目的:

胎児の発達における母性遺伝子の役割を調査する.
エピジェネティックメモリが世代を超えて伝達される分子機構を解明する.
ゲルムラインに遺伝されたエピジェネティック情報を破壊した結果を理解する

主な方法:

ドロソフィラ卵細胞と初期胚における抑制ヒストンマークH3K27me3の遺伝を研究した.
H3K27me3の増殖におけるポリコンブ抑制複合体2の母性強化剤 (E(z) の役割を調査した.
ヒストンマーク (H3K27ac) とジゴティックゲノム活性化中の遺伝子活性化に対するH3K27me3遺伝子の障害の影響を分析した.

主要な成果:

ドロソフィラの卵細胞は,抑制ヒストンマークH3K27me3を子孫に伝達する.
H3K27me3を早期に増殖させるには,母性増殖剤が不可欠です.
遺伝するH3K27me3は,異常なH3K27acの蓄積と早期の遺伝子の活性化を防止し,発達に不可欠です.
エピジェネティック・メモリの障害は胚の死亡に繋がり後のジゴティック・ゲンの再構築によって避けられないものです

結論:

母親から受け継がれるH3K27me3は,早期の胚発育に不可欠です.
このエピジェネティックメモリは,ジゴティックゲノム活性化中に増強剤の活性化と系統特有の遺伝子活性化を調節する.
ゲルムラインから受け継がれるエピジェネティック情報を維持できないと発達障害になる.

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