プラズモジウム の ゲノム の 機能 分析 に よっ て,必要 な 遺伝子 が 豊富 に ある こと が 明らか に なっ た
Ellen Bushell1, Ana Rita Gomes1, Theo Sanderson1
1Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire, UK.
Cell
|July 15, 2017
まとめ
マラリアの寄生虫 (Plasmodium berghei) には多くの重要な遺伝子があり,その3分の2は成長に必要なものです. この研究では,薬の開発の鍵となる遺伝子を特定し,機能的な冗長性によるワクチン開発の課題を説明しています.
科学分野:
- ゲノミクス
- 寄生虫学
- 薬物の発見
背景:
- マラリア の 寄生虫 に は 機能 が 解明 さ れ て い ない 遺伝子 が 多く あり ます.
- 新しい抗マラリア薬の開発には 重要な遺伝子を特定することが重要です
- 遺伝子機能と冗長性を理解することは マラリアと闘うための鍵です
研究 の 目的:
- 抗マラリア薬の開発に必要なプラズモディアム・ベルゲイの遺伝子と経路を体系的に特定する.
- プラズモディアム・ベルゲイのノックアウト変異体に関する包括的な表型データベースを作成する.
- マラリアの寄生虫における遺伝子エッセンシャル性と機能的な冗長性の範囲を調査する.
主な方法:
- 2,578のバーコード付きプラズモディアム・ベルゲイの ノックアウト変異体を生成した.
- ミュータントの競争力のある成長率をマウスモデルで測定した.
- 遺伝子特性を分析するために 表現型データベースをまとめました
主要な成果:
- プラズモディアム・ベルゲイの遺伝子の3分の2以上は 一つのライフサイクル段階で最適な成長に不可欠です
- この重要な遺伝子の割合は 生物全体で前例のないものです
- 寄生虫と宿主との相互作用に関与する遺伝子ファミリーでは,有意な機能的な冗長性が観察されました.
結論:
- 広範囲にわたる遺伝子の重要性は,プラズモディアム・ベルゲイの寄生性の最適化されたゲノムを強調しています.
- 機能的な冗長性は,薬剤の効能とワクチン開発の課題の変動を説明する可能性があります.
- この発見は,標的型抗マラリア薬の発見と介入戦略の基礎となる.
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