まとめ
アジアのほとんどの薬局は,乳幼児の下痢に対する適切なアドバイスを提供できず,しばしば不必要な薬を処方しました. これは,この地域の小児保健医療と医薬品の安全性における重大なギャップを浮き彫りにしています.
科学分野:
- 薬局の実践について
- 小児の感染症について
- グローバル・ヘルス グローバル・ヘルス
背景:
- 下痢は,多くのアジア諸国における幼児死亡の主な原因である.
- 不適切な薬剤の配給の慣行は,健康問題を悪化させ,抗菌剤耐性につながる可能性があります.
- 小児性下痢の効果的な管理は,口腔補水療法を含む適切な助言と治療に依存しています.
研究 の 目的:
- アジアの薬局における乳児下痢に対するアドバイスの質と薬剤の配給の質を評価する.
- 定めた下痢疾患管理ガイドラインの遵守を評価する.
主な方法:
- 模擬腹の乳児症例は,バングラデシュ,スリランカ,イエメンアラブ共和国の75の薬局に提示されました.
- 収集されたデータには,薬剤師が提供するアドバイスや薬剤が含まれる.
主要な成果:
- 75の薬局のうち16の薬局のみが,口腔再水分化や紹介などの適切なアドバイスを提供しました.
- 薬局の多くでは,定量抗生物質の組み合わせや抗下痢薬など,多くの場合,適切な指示なしに医薬品を配給していました.
- 配給率は国によって異なるが,バングラデシュでは76%,スリランカでは64%,イエメン・アラブ共和国では96%であった.
結論:
- 研究対象のアジア地域では,乳幼児の下痢管理に関する医薬品の実践に重大な欠陥がある.
- 現在の配給慣行は,国内下痢対策政策を弱体化させ,抗菌剤耐性への貢献をもたらす可能性があります.
- 研究方法論は,医薬品ケア品質のモニタリングのツールとしての可能性を示しています.
関連する概念動画
Prescription, Nonprescription and Orphan Drugs
Prescription drugs require a prescription from a medical practitioner and can only be obtained from a pharmacy. They have many applications, including treating pain, anxiety, and hypertension.
The misuse and addiction to prescription drugs is a growing problem that can affect people of all age groups, specifically teenagers. This can happen when prescription medications are used in ways not intended by the prescriber, such as taking someone else's prescription or using medication for...
The misuse and addiction to prescription drugs is a growing problem that can affect people of all age groups, specifically teenagers. This can happen when prescription medications are used in ways not intended by the prescriber, such as taking someone else's prescription or using medication for...
Drug Delivery: Miscellaneous Routes
Drug delivery methods like oral inhalation, nasal sprays, transdermal patches, eye drops, intravitreal injection, and rectal administration provide localized effects with reduced toxicity.
Oral inhalation and nasal sprays swiftly transfer drugs across the respiratory epithelium's mucosal layer. Inhaled glucocorticoids and bronchodilators directly target lung conditions such as asthma, while fluticasone nasal spray mitigates allergic rhinitis.
Transdermal patches transport drugs through the...
Oral inhalation and nasal sprays swiftly transfer drugs across the respiratory epithelium's mucosal layer. Inhaled glucocorticoids and bronchodilators directly target lung conditions such as asthma, while fluticasone nasal spray mitigates allergic rhinitis.
Transdermal patches transport drugs through the...
Three-Compartment Open Model
The three-compartment open model is a pharmacokinetic model used to describe the distribution and elimination of drugs following extravascular administration. It comprises a central compartment representing the plasma and two peripheral compartments. The highly perfused peripheral compartment represents organs and tissues with a rich blood supply, such as the liver, kidneys, and lungs. The scarcely perfused peripheral compartment represents tissues with lower blood supply, such as adipose...
Dosage Regimens: Designs and Approaches
Designing a dosage regimen, which refers to the manner of drug administration, is a complex process involving the selection of drug dose, route, and frequency. This process is underpinned by pharmacokinetic parameters derived from tests and population averages. These parameters are then tailored to patient-specific variables such as diagnosis, demographics, and allergy status. Once therapy commences, therapeutic response monitoring is critical and achieved through clinical and physical...
Drug Delivery Systems: Different Types
Conventional oral drug products, termed immediate-release (IR) formulations, are engineered to promptly release their active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) upon ingestion, typically in tablets or capsules. This rapid release often results in swift drug absorption and consequent pharmacodynamic effects, although the timing and intensity can vary depending on the drug's properties. Prodrugs within these formulations require metabolic conversion to activate their pharmacodynamic effects,...
Pharmaceutical Poisoning: Potential Scenarios
Pharmaceutical poisoning can occur through various channels, impacting an estimated 2 million hospitalized patients in the U.S. annually with serious adverse drug responses. These scenarios encompass both therapeutic uses, such as drug toxicity, where even standard dosages can lead to severe central nervous system depression, and non-therapeutic exposures, including accidental ingestion by children, and environmental and occupational exposures.Unintentional poisonings often involve exploratory...


