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関連する概念動画

Radical Reactivity: Steric Effects01:10

Radical Reactivity: Steric Effects

2.6K
The presence of electron-donating, electron-withdrawing, or conjugating groups adjacent to a radical center, imparts electronic stabilization to the radicals. Examples of such electronically-stabilized radicals are triphenylmethyl, tetramethylpiperidine‐N‐oxide, and 2,2‐diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl. These radicals are remarkably stable and are known as persistent radicals. Some of the persistent radicals can even be isolated and purified.
Along with electronic...
2.6K
Radical Formation: Homolysis00:54

Radical Formation: Homolysis

4.5K
A bond is formed between two atoms by sharing two electrons. When this bond is broken by supplying sufficient energy, either two electrons can be taken up by one atom forming ions by the cleavage called heterolysis, or the two electrons are shared by two atoms, with one each creating radicals by the cleavage called homolysis.
4.5K
Radical Formation: Overview01:03

Radical Formation: Overview

2.7K
A bond can be broken either by heterolytic bond cleavage to form ions or homolytic bond cleavage to yield radicals. A fishhook arrow is used to represent the motion of a single electron in homolytic bond cleavage. There are two main sources from which radicals can be formed:
Radicals from spin-paired molecules:
Radicals can be obtained from spin-paired molecules either by homolysis or electron transfer. While two radicals are formed in the former, an electron is added in the...
2.7K
Radical Reactivity: Overview01:11

Radical Reactivity: Overview

2.8K
Radicals, the highly reactive species, gain stability by undergoing three different reactions. The first reaction involves a radical-radical coupling, in which a radical combines with another radical, forming a spin‐paired molecule. The second reaction is between a radical and a spin‐paired molecule, generating a new radical and a new spin‐paired molecule. The third reaction is radical decomposition in a unimolecular reaction, forming a new radical and a spin‐paired...
2.8K
Radical Formation: Addition00:47

Radical Formation: Addition

2.3K
Radicals can be formed by adding a radical to a spin-paired molecule. This is typically observed with unsaturated species, where the addition of a radical across the π bond leads to the production of a new radical by dissolving the π bond. For example, the addition of a Br radical to an alkene yields a carbon-centered radical.
Similar to charge conservation in chemical reactions, spin conservation is implicit for radical reactions. Accordingly, the product formed must possess an...
2.3K
Radical Reactivity: Electrophilic Radicals01:02

Radical Reactivity: Electrophilic Radicals

2.5K
Radicals adjacent to electron‐withdrawing groups are called electrophilic radicals. These radicals readily react with nucleophilic alkenes. For example, the malonate radical, in which the radical center is flanked by two electron‐withdrawing groups, reacts readily with butyl vinyl ether, which consists of an electron‐donating oxygen substituent. The reaction between electrophilic malonate radical and nucleophilic vinyl ether is favored because the radical has a...
2.5K

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関連する実験動画

Updated: Feb 24, 2026

Isolating Free Carbenes, their Mixed Dimers and Organic Radicals
10:44

Isolating Free Carbenes, their Mixed Dimers and Organic Radicals

Published on: April 19, 2019

11.7K

メカニカル・ボンド・プロテクト・エア・ステーブル・ラジカル

Junling Sun, Zhichang Liu, Wei-Guang Liu1

  • 1Materials and Process Simulation Center, California Institute of Technology , Pasadena, California 91125, United States.

Journal of the American Chemical Society
|August 15, 2017
PubMed
まとめ

研究者らは,ラジカルテンプレーションを使用して,機械的に相互接続された分子である新しい [2]catenanes を作成した. これらの分子は複数の安定したリドックス状態を示し,高密度のデータメモリアプリケーションに希望を示しています.

さらに関連する動画

Exploring the Radical Nature of a Carbon Surface by Electron Paramagnetic Resonance and a Calibrated Gas Flow
10:34

Exploring the Radical Nature of a Carbon Surface by Electron Paramagnetic Resonance and a Calibrated Gas Flow

Published on: April 24, 2014

11.3K
Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization of Functionalized Vinyl Monomers Using Perylene as a Visible Light Photocatalyst
06:49

Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization of Functionalized Vinyl Monomers Using Perylene as a Visible Light Photocatalyst

Published on: April 22, 2016

12.4K

関連する実験動画

Last Updated: Feb 24, 2026

Isolating Free Carbenes, their Mixed Dimers and Organic Radicals
10:44

Isolating Free Carbenes, their Mixed Dimers and Organic Radicals

Published on: April 19, 2019

11.7K
Exploring the Radical Nature of a Carbon Surface by Electron Paramagnetic Resonance and a Calibrated Gas Flow
10:34

Exploring the Radical Nature of a Carbon Surface by Electron Paramagnetic Resonance and a Calibrated Gas Flow

Published on: April 24, 2014

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Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization of Functionalized Vinyl Monomers Using Perylene as a Visible Light Photocatalyst
06:49

Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization of Functionalized Vinyl Monomers Using Perylene as a Visible Light Photocatalyst

Published on: April 22, 2016

12.4K

科学分野:

  • 超分子化学
  • 材料科学
  • 電気化学

背景:

  • ラジカルテンプレーションは複雑な分子構造を 構築するための方法である.
  • カテネンは 独特のトポロジカルな性質を持つ 機械的に絡み合っている分子です
  • 複数のリドックス状態を持つ材料の開発は,高度な電子アプリケーションにとって不可欠です.

研究 の 目的:

  • ヘトロトラジカル・トリケーション・インクルージョン・コンプレックスを用いて新しい [2]ケテナンを合成する.
  • 合成されたカタネンの電子的および構造的性質を特徴づける.
  • 高密度データメモリのためのこれらのカタネンの可能性を評価する.

主な方法:

  • 4,4'-ビピリジニウムラジカルカチオン (DB•+) と非対称なサイクロファンバイラジカルカチオン (DAPQT2(•+) を用いたラジカルテンプレーション.
  • EPR光学およびX線結晶学による対称および非対称 [2]連鎖 (SC·7PF6およびAC·7PF6) の分離および特徴付け.
  • 電気化学的試験 (循環式電圧測定法) で,可利用可能な酸化還元状態の数を決定する.

主要な成果:

  • シンメトリック (SC·7PF6) と非シンメトリック (AC·7PF6) [2]の連鎖の合成に成功した.
  • 特徴付けにより,内部の4,4'-二ピリジニウム (BIPY2+) 単位に配列されていない電子が異地化され,混合バレンスの (BIPY2) •3+状態を形成する,空気安定のモノラジカルが明らかになった.
  • 電気化学の研究では,ダイアザピレニウムディケーション (DAP2+) ユニットを組み込むことにより,関連するカテネンの5つ,6つ,7つの酸化還元状態へのアクセスを実証した.

結論:

  • 合成された [2]ケイテナンは,調節可能な電子特性を有する安定した基質種である.
  • 複数のリドックス状態にアクセスする能力は,これらのカタネンを高密度データストレージの有望な候補にします.
  • この研究は,高度なメモリ技術のための分子材料の設計のための新しいアプローチを提示します.