ネアンデルタール人の成長パターン,エル・シドロン (スペイン) の幼い骨格から再構築
Antonio Rosas1, Luis Ríos2,3, Almudena Estalrrich2,4
1Paleoanthropology Group, Department of Paleobiology, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (MNCN)-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Calle José Gutiérrez Abascal 2, 28006 Madrid, Spain. arosas@mncn.csic.es.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|September 23, 2017
まとめ
ネアンデルタール人の幼い骨格は 脊椎の成熟が遅れたことと 脳の成長が延長されたことを示しており 現代の人間と比較して 全体の発達が速いというより 独特の生理学的制約を示唆しています
科学分野:
- 古人類学
- 進化生物学
- 人類の古生物学
背景:
- オントジェネティックの研究は,進化的変化を理解するために不可欠です.
- ネアンデルタール人の過去の研究は 歯の発達に重点を置いており 急速な成長を示唆しています
- 若いネアンデルタール人の後頭蓋骨と頭蓋骨の発達に関するデータは限られている.
研究 の 目的:
- 若いネアンデルタール人 (エル・シドロンJ1) のオントゲニスを調査する.
- ネアンデルタール人の頭蓋骨と頭蓋骨の後部の 成熟パターンを現代人と比較する
- ネアンデルタール人の成長のペースを 総合的な骨格の発達に基づいて再評価する
主な方法:
- 死亡時の年齢を推定する 歯科検査
- 脊椎と内頭蓋骨の特徴を含む頭蓋骨歯と頭蓋骨後の残骸の分析
- 現代人の発達データと成熟段階の比較分析
主要な成果:
- エル・シドロン・J1の標本は歯科ヒストロジーを用いて7.7年に老化されました.
- ほとんどの骨格の要素は この年齢の現代人の範囲内での成熟を示しています
- アトラスと胸中脊椎の成熟が遅れた (5~6年).
- エンドクロニアの特徴は 脳の成長が不完全であることを示した
結論:
- ネアンデルタール人のオントゲーニスは 脊椎の成熟が遅れて 脳が長引くという 独特なパターンを表しています
- これらの発見は ネアンデルタール人の生理学と エネルギー制約が 成長軌道に影響を与えたことを示唆しています
- ネアンデルタール人の成長の全体的なペースは 根本的に異なるものではなく 独特の発達のタイミングで表れています
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