自然な多活性IgA抗体は腸内微生物群を覆う

Jeffrey J Bunker^1,2, Steven A Erickson^1,2, Theodore M Flynn³

¹Committee on Immunology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.

Science (New York, N.Y.)

|October 4, 2017

まとめ

腸のプラズマ細胞は,多活性な免疫グロブリンA (IgA) 抗体を生成し,幅広い腸内微生物を標的としています. この先天的な特異性は,ペイヤーにおけるB細胞選択で確立される.

科学分野:

免疫学
微生物学
胃腸内科

背景:

腸の血細胞は大量に免疫グロブリンA (IgA) を分泌し,共生微生物群と相互作用する.
腸内微生物群に対するこれらのIgA抗体の正確な特異性は,ほとんど不明のままである.

研究の目的:

単一のマウンのIgAプラズマ細胞の反応性プロフィールを特徴づける.
腸内のIgA抗体の選択メカニズムと特異性を理解する.

主な方法:

ネズミのIgAプラズマ細胞から多数の単体抗体のクローン化と特徴づけ.
多様な微生物群に対するこれらの単一クローン抗体の反応性をプロファイリングする.
ペイヤー・パッチにおけるB細胞選択過程と体内の変異の役割の分析.

主要な成果:

マウリンIgAは多活性であり,特定の細菌分類ではなく,多様で定義された微生物群を標的とした.
これらの多活性なIgA産生B細胞は,ペイヤーパッチでの再循環中に,微生物または食事による抗原とは無関係にIgAレパートリーに選択されました.
いくつかのIgAによって獲得された体内の変異は,その反応性を有意に変化させなかった.

結論:

腸内の多活性IgAの産生を誘導する内生的なメカニズムがある.
これらのIgA抗体は,腸内ホメオスタシスに寄与する,微生物群の定義されたサブセットに固有の特異性を持っています.

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