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01:43Incomplete Dominance
30.5K
Gregor Mendel's work (1822 - 1884) was primarily focused on pea plants. Through his initial experiments, he determined that every gene in a diploid cell has two variants called alleles inherited from each parent. He suggested that amongst these two alleles, one allele is dominant in character and the other recessive. The combination of alleles determines the phenotype of a gene in an organism.
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01:09Epistasis Analysis
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Although Mendel chose seven unrelated traits in peas to study gene segregation, most traits involve multiple gene interactions that create a spectrum of phenotypes. When the interaction of various genes or alleles at different locations influences a phenotype, this is called epistasis. Epistasis often involves one gene masking or interfering with the expression of another (antagonistic epistasis). Epistasis often occurs when different genes are part of the same biochemical pathway. The...
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02:27Background and Environment Affect Phenotype
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Although the genetic makeup of an organism plays a major role in determining the phenotype, there are also several environmental factors, such as temperature, oxygen availability, presence of mutagens, that can alter an organism’s phenotype.
An example of how genetic background affects phenotype can be seen in horses. The Extension gene in horses is responsible for their coat color. A wild-type gene (EE) produces black pigment in the coat, while a mutant gene (ee) produces red pigment. A...
An example of how genetic background affects phenotype can be seen in horses. The Extension gene in horses is responsible for their coat color. A wild-type gene (EE) produces black pigment in the coat, while a mutant gene (ee) produces red pigment. A...
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01:49Law of Segregation
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When crossing pea plants, Mendel noticed that one of the parental traits would sometimes disappear in the first generation of offspring, called the F1 generation, and could reappear in the next generation (F2). He concluded that one of the traits must be dominant over the other, thereby causing masking of one trait in the F1 generation. When he crossed the F1 plants, he found that 75% of the offspring in the F2 generation had the dominant phenotype, while 25% had the recessive phenotype.
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01:49Multiple Allele Traits
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The Concept of Multiple Allelism
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01:39Epistasis
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In addition to multiple alleles at the same locus influencing traits, numerous genes or alleles at different locations may interact and influence phenotypes in a phenomenon called epistasis. For example, rabbit fur can be black or brown depending on whether the animal is homozygous dominant or heterozygous at a TYRP1 locus. However, if the rabbit is also homozygous recessive at a locus on the tyrosinase gene (TYR), it will have an unshaded coat that appears white, regardless of its TYRP1...
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関連する実験動画
Updated: Feb 21, 2026
08:41
Quantifying Abdominal Pigmentation in Drosophila melanogaster
Published on: June 1, 2017
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フェノタイプの編集: 定量遺伝学の革命
1Division of Biological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA.
Cell
|October 7, 2017
まとめ
研究者は微妙な遺伝的変異を研究するために プロモーター編集方法を開発しました このアプローチは,定量的な特性の遺伝子とその複雑な相互作用を分析し,遺伝的研究を進めます.
科学分野:
- 遺伝学
- 分子生物学
背景:
- 自然の遺伝的多様性の微妙な影響により,定量的な特性の遺伝子を分析することは困難です.
- これらの変異の機能的影響を理解することは 遺伝学の研究において極めて重要です
研究 の 目的:
- 定量的な特徴遺伝子を分析するための新しいプロモーター編集アプローチを開発する.
- 詳細な遺伝子調査のための 有効なアレルのスペクトルを生成する.
主な方法:
- 多様なアレルを作るために プロモーター編集戦略を利用した.
- 遺伝子の機能と相互作用を研究するために生成されたアレルを適用した.
主要な成果:
- プロモーター編集により,有効なアレルの範囲を成功裏に生成した.
- 微妙な遺伝的変異を調査するためのこのアプローチの有用性を示した.
結論:
- プロモーターエディティングアプローチは 定量的な特性の遺伝子を 研究するための強力な新しい方法を提供します
- この方法は,微妙な効果を持つ遺伝子間の複雑な相互作用の調査を容易にする.
