ILC1は,最初のウイルス感染部位で早期の宿主保護を提供します
Orr-El Weizman1, Nicholas M Adams1, Iona S Schuster2
1Immunology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA.
Cell
|October 24, 2017
まとめ
組織に居住する1型先天性リンパ球 (ILC1) は,インターフェロン-ガンマ (IFN-γ) を生成することによって,早期の抗ウイルス免疫を提供します. 肝臓のILC1は,原発感染時のウイルス負荷を制限するために不可欠であり, dendritic 細胞と働く.
科学分野:
- 免疫学
- ウイルス学
- 細胞生物学
背景:
- 感染に対する免疫反応には,組織内定の免疫細胞と循環する免疫細胞の両方が含まれます.
- 早期の抗ウイルス防御における組織在留リンパ球の正確な役割とタイミングは,まだ完全に理解されていません.
- 感染部位における初期抗ウイルス反応の動態については,さらなる解明が必要である.
研究 の 目的:
- 早期の抗ウイルス免疫における組織在住型の先天性リンパ性細胞 (ILC1) の役割を調査する.
- ウイルス感染の主な部位における宿主防御に対するILC1の貢献を明らかにする.
- 抗ウイルス反応の開始における樹状細胞とILC1の相互作用を理解する.
主な方法:
- ウイルス感染,特にマウス細胞メガロウイルス (MCMV) を研究するためにマウスモデルを使用した.
- Zfp683依存性肝臓ILC1の機能を調査するために遺伝的アブレーション技術を使用した.
- 分析された免疫細胞集団,サイトカイン生成 (IFN-γ,IL-12) およびウイルス負荷.
主要な成果:
- 組織に定着するILC1は,ウイルス感染時に急速にインターフェロン-ガンマ (IFN-γ) を生成し,早期の宿主免疫に寄与する.
- 機能的な適応性および先天性免疫細胞の存在にもかかわらず,肝臓のILC1の消去は,ウイルスの負荷の増加をもたらしました.
- レジデントのXCR1+従来の樹状細胞 (cDC1) はインタールイキン-12 (IL-12) を生成し,STAT4に依存した方法でILC1 IFN-γの産生を促進し,早期のウイルス負荷を制限した.
結論:
- 組織に定着するILC1は,初期感染の部位での抗ウイルス免疫監視において重要な役割を果たします.
- 局所的なcDC1由来サイトカインは,ILC1の抗ウイルス機能の活性化に不可欠である.
- ILC1はウイルス病原体に対する 生まれつきの免疫システムの第一防衛線の重要な構成要素です.
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