尾関節のロコモーターの速度制御回路
Paolo Capelli1,2, Chiara Pivetta1,2, Maria Soledad Esposito1,2
1Biozentrum, Department of Cell Biology, University of Basel, 4056 Basel, Switzerland.
Nature
|October 24, 2017
まとめ
マウスの脳幹には 動きのスピードと 行動停止を制御する 様々な種類のニューロンが発見されました 横のパラギガント細胞核 (LPGi) のグルタマタージックニューロンは高速運動に不可欠です.
科学分野:
- 神経科学
- モーター コントロール
- 行動生物学
背景:
- 動物の生存と移動には 移動が不可欠です
- 動きを制御する 特定のニューロンを特定することは 困難でした
- 尾関節の脳幹の役割は,さらに解明する必要があります.
研究 の 目的:
- 尾関節の脳幹における 運動を制御するニューロンのサブ集団を 特定し特徴づけること
- 運動制御における異なるニューロンタイプ (グルタマタージック,グリシンergic) の特定の役割を理解する.
- これらのニューロンが 高い運動センターと脊髄回路と 繋がっているかを調べるのです
主な方法:
- 電気的微刺激による古典的な実験を活用した.
- 位置,神経伝達物質のアイデンティティ,および接続性に基づいて研究されたニューロンのサブ集団.
- 尾関節から脊髄効果回路への下降経路を調べた
主要な成果:
- 機能的に異質なニューロンのサブ集団がマウスの尾部脳幹で発見され,運動に影響を及ぼした.
- 横のパラギガント細胞核 (LPGi) のグルタマタージックニューロンは高速移動に不可欠です.
- 発酵抑制ニューロンは 行動停止を誘導し, 明確な尾の脳幹のマッピングをします.
- グルタマタージックおよびグリシンergic LPGiサブポピュレーションのための明確な脊髄投影を示した.
結論:
- 尾状の脳幹には 異なった神経群が混じり合っており 動きの役割は対極にある.
- 特定の脳幹ニューロン集団は,運動プログラムを実行し,運動パラメータを調節するために重要です.
- ニューロンの多様性を発見することで 脳の幹の運動制御に関する 歴史的な論争が解決しました
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