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Alveolates are a group of organisms recognized by the presence of alveoli, which are cytoplasmic sacs located beneath the cell membrane. While their function remains uncertain, alveoli may help regulate water balance by controlling how much water enters and leaves the cell. In dinoflagellates, these structures may serve as armor plates. There are three major types of alveolates: ciliates, which move using cilia; dinoflagellates, which use flagella for movement; and apicomplexans, which are...
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Enzymes like flippase, floppase, and scramblase transfer phospholipids from one layer to another in the membrane, thereby affecting membrane asymmetry.
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プラズメプシンIXとXは,マラリア寄生虫の出入りと侵入を媒介する不可欠な薬剤である.

Armiyaw S Nasamu1,2, Svetlana Glushakova3, Ilaria Russo4

  • 1Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO 63110, USA.

Science (New York, N.Y.)
|October 28, 2017
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まとめ

新しい研究により,以前は特徴づけられなかったマラリア寄生虫のプロテアゼ,プラズメプシン IX と X の機能が明らかになりました. PMXをターゲットにすると 有効な抗マラリア作用があり マラリアに対する有望な戦略です

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科学分野:

  • マラリア
  • 寄生 病
  • 分子生物学

背景:

  • マラリア寄生虫 (Plasmodium falciparum) は,様々な細胞機能に関与するプラズメプシンとして知られる10のアスパルティックタンパク質を持っています.
  • ほとんどのプラズメプシンが研究されているが,プラズメプシンIXとX (PMIXとPMX) の役割は不明のままである.

研究 の 目的:

  • 特徴づけられていないプラズモディウム・ファルシパラムのプラズメプシンIXとXの機能を明らかにする.
  • マラリアに対する潜在的な薬物の標的と治療化合物を特定する.

主な方法:

  • プラズモディアム・ファルシパラムにおけるPMIXとPMXの機能的特徴
  • 寄生虫の侵入,脱出,およびオルガネルの生殖におけるそれらの役割の調査.
  • PMXを標的とした抗マラリア薬のスクリーニング

主要な成果:

  • PMIXは赤血球の侵入に重要な役割を果たし,分泌器官の生殖を制御する.
  • PMXは寄生虫の脱出と侵入の両方に不可欠であり,SUB1プロテアスの成熟を制御します.
  • PMXを標的とした化合物は強力な抗マラリア作用を示し,そのうちの1つはマウスモデルで口服効果を示した.

結論:

  • PMIXとPMXは マラリア寄生虫のライフサイクルにおいて 独特で重要な役割を果たします
  • PMXは新しい抗マラリア治療の有望な標的薬である.