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フライの脳における体感覚情報のトポロジカル・モダリティー固有の表現
Asako Tsubouchi1, Tomoko Yano1,2, Takeshi K Yokoyama1
1Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biosciences, The University of Tokyo, Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, 113-0032 Tokyo, Japan.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|November 4, 2017
まとめ
昆虫と哺乳類は 感覚のための 似たような神経組織を持っています この研究では 昆虫の体感覚や触覚は 哺乳類のシステムと 果物のハエの特定の神経経路を 反映していることが分かりました
科学分野:
- 神経科学
- 比較生物学
- 感覚システム
背景:
- 哺乳類と昆虫は 嗅覚,味覚,視覚,聴覚,重力の知覚を含む様々な感覚の形態で 神経組織を保存しています
- 以前の研究では 昆虫と哺乳類の 高い感覚処理の類似性が示されましたが 相対的に体感覚は 探求されていませんでした
研究 の 目的:
- 昆虫と哺乳類の体感覚の神経組織を調査し比較する.
- これらの異なる種間の触覚と自己感受の処理に保存された原則を特定する.
主な方法:
- *ドロソフィラ・メラノガスター (果物ハエ) をモデル生物として利用した.
- 感覚神経細胞が 腹部神経線と脳に 突入した
- 神経線内における 感覚の分離を 調べました
- 特定の脳領域の 昇進神経細胞の収束を調査した
主要な成果:
- ドロソフィラのすべての体感覚神経型は,腹部神経筋に投影し,哺乳類の脊髄組織に類似したモードに固有の層に分離します.
- 特定の感覚ニューロンは内側脳を直接刺激し,形状特異でトポグラフィー的に組織された体感覚マップを形成する.
- 合致する神経線維の層に デンドライトが付いた上昇する内神経細胞は 対応する脳領域に発射されます
- 足の体感覚神経からの経路は,足の動き情報を差異的にコードし,地面検出に貢献します.
結論:
- 昆虫の体感覚は哺乳類に見られる組織原理に 驚くほど似ていて 進化の深い保存を示唆している.
- ドロソフィラの体感覚マップと経路は,触覚の分子と細胞のメカニズムを解剖するための基礎を提供します.
- 遺伝的ツールを活用したさらなる研究は,動物界全体で体感覚を制御する基本的原理を明らかにすることができます.
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