1996年から2013年までの米国の医療費の増加に関連する要因
Joseph L Dieleman1, Ellen Squires1, Anthony L Bui2
1Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, Seattle, Washington.
JAMA
|November 9, 2017
まとめ
人口増加と高齢化に伴い,医療費が大幅に増加した. 病気の流行が減少することで支出が減り,政策介入の重要な要因が明らかになった.
科学分野:
- 健康 経済
- 公衆衛生政策
- 医療管理
背景:
- 医療費は大幅に増加し,2015年には経済の17.8%に達した.
- 医療費の要因を理解することは 効果的な政策策定に不可欠です
研究 の 目的:
- 1996年から2013年にかけての米国の医療支出の変化に5つの主要な要因の影響を定量化する.
- 分析された要因:人口規模,年齢構造,病気の流行,サービス利用,サービス価格/強度.
主な方法:
- グローバル・バード・オブ・ディジーズ2015の研究と米国疾病支出2013プロジェクトのデータを活用した.
- 医療費の変動と因子変化を関連付けるため,分解分析を行いました.
- 155の健康状態と6種類のケアに関するデータを分析した.
主要な成果:
- 医療費総額は9335億ドル (1996年から2013年) 増加した.
- サービス価格とサービス強度の上昇は,支出の50.0%を牽引した.
- 人口増加 (23.1%) と高齢化 (11.6%) も大きく貢献し,病気の流行の変化は2.4%の減少をもたらした.
結論:
- 医療費の増加は主にサービスの価格と強度に関連しています.
- 人口の動態は支出と正の相関関係にあるが, 病気の流行の減少は負の影響を及ぼしている.
- 病状や介護の種類によって変化するので 対応策を策定することが必要です
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