ラディアルモーションオポネンシーからの超選択的な迫り来る検出
Nathan C Klapoetke1, Aljoscha Nern1, Martin Y Peek1
1Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, 19700 Helix Drive, Ashburn, Virginia 20147, USA.
Nature
|November 10, 2017
まとめ
研究者達は,ドロソフィラに新しい超選択的迫り来る検出ニューロン (LPLC2) を発見しました. このニューロンは 放射性運動の反発によって 目の前に迫る視覚的刺激を検知し 捕食者から逃れる上で 重要な役割を果たします
科学分野:
- 神経科学
- 動物 の 行動
- 感覚システム
背景:
- 神経系は 感覚を統合して 迫り来る動きのような 重要な生存機能を検知します
- 幻覚に敏感なニューロンは 種ごとに存在しますが 幻覚と類似した視覚信号を 区別するのは困難です
研究 の 目的:
- ドロソフィラの超選択的な 迫りくるものを検知するニューロンを発見し 特徴づけること
- 迫りくる視覚刺激の選択的検出の基礎にある神経機構を明らかにする.
主な方法:
- ドロソフィラの視覚系の単細胞解剖分析
- ニューロンの活性のインビオカルシウムイメージング
- 様々な運動刺激に対するLPLC2ニューロン反応の機能的特徴.
主要な成果:
- ロブラ・プレート/ロブラ・コラムナー,タイプII (LPLC2) ニューロンの発見,迫りくる動きに対して高度に選択的.
- LPLC2の選択性は,放射線運動の反対性,刺激と抑制のバランスから生じる.
- LPLC2ニューロンは,収縮や回転のような混乱刺激に反応しません.
結論:
- LPLC2ニューロンは,ハエの選択的な迫り来る検出のメカニズム的な説明を提供します.
- この選択性は 脅威を識別し 脱出行動を起こす上で 極めて重要です
- 発見は感覚特性の検出における 神経計算の理解を進める.
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