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Radical Chain-Growth Polymerization: Chain Branching01:17

Radical Chain-Growth Polymerization: Chain Branching

2.5K
The skeletal structure of polymers synthesized via radical polymerization is always branched. For example, the polymerization of ethylene by radical polymerization results in a low-density grade of polyethylene with a heavily branched skeletal structure. Here, the radical site abstracts hydrogen from the growing chain, and the radical site shifts from the end (a primary carbon center) to anywhere within the growing chain (a secondary carbon center). Consequently, the part of the chain from the...
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[4+2] Cycloaddition of Conjugated Dienes: Diels–Alder Reaction01:16

[4+2] Cycloaddition of Conjugated Dienes: Diels–Alder Reaction

12.7K
The Diels–Alder reaction is an example of a thermal pericyclic reaction between a conjugated diene and an alkene or alkyne, commonly referred to as a dienophile. The reaction involves a concerted movement of six π electrons, four from the diene and two from the dienophile, forming an unsaturated six-membered ring. As a result, these reactions are classified as [4+2] cycloadditions.
12.7K
Mass Spectrometry: Molecular Fragmentation Overview01:20

Mass Spectrometry: Molecular Fragmentation Overview

5.8K
The ionization of a molecule into a molecular ion inside the mass spectrometer causes instability in the molecule's structure due to the loss of an electron. This eventually leads to the fragmentation or breaking of some bonds in the molecule. The fragmentation occurs predominantly at specific bonds to yield relatively stable fragments.
One type of fragmentation pattern is the cleavage of a single bond in the molecular ion. The cleavage leads to a radical and a cation. The cleavage can occur at...
5.8K
Homologous Recombination02:31

Homologous Recombination

63.9K
The basic reaction of homologous recombination (HR) involves two chromatids that contain DNA sequences sharing a significant stretch of identity. One of these sequences uses a strand from another as a template to synthesize DNA in an enzyme-catalyzed reaction. The final product is a novel amalgamation of the two substrates. To ensure an accurate recombination of sequences, HR is restricted to the S and G2 phases of the cell cycle. At these stages, the DNA has been replicated already and the...
63.9K
Structure of Conjugated Dienes01:16

Structure of Conjugated Dienes

7.7K
Introduction
Conjugated dienes are compounds characterized by the presence of alternating double and single bonds. In a conjugated system like 1,3-butadiene, the unhybridized 2p orbital on each carbon overlaps continuously, allowing the π electrons to be delocalized across the entire molecule. In contrast, this type of overlap does not occur in cumulated and isolated dienes, such as 2,3-pentadiene and 1,4-pentadiene, respectively. Instead, the π electrons remain localized between the double...
7.7K
Diels–Alder Reaction: Characteristics of Dienes01:29

Diels–Alder Reaction: Characteristics of Dienes

5.5K
The Diels–Alder reaction brings together a diene and a dienophile to form a six-membered ring. Both components have unique characteristics that influence the rate of the reaction.
Characteristics of the diene
Conformation
The simplest example of a diene is 1,3-butadiene, an acyclic conjugated π system. At room temperature, the molecule exists as a mixture of s-cis and s-trans conformers by virtue of rotation around the carbon–carbon single bond. Although the s-trans isomer is more stable,...
5.5K

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Preparation and In Vitro Characterization of Dendrimer-based Contrast Agents for Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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Preparation and In Vitro Characterization of Dendrimer-based Contrast Agents for Magnetic Resonance Imaging

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異質な破裂性デンドリマー

Oliver C J Andrén1, Aristi P Fernandes2, Michael Malkoch1

  • 1School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Fiber and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology , Teknikringen 56-58, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden.

Journal of the American Chemical Society
|November 11, 2017
PubMed
まとめ
この要約は機械生成です。

ディスルファイド結合を持つデンドリマーは,がん細胞内のチオールに分解するように設計されています. この断片化は反応性酸素種 (ROS) を増加させ,がん治療の新たな戦略を提供した.

さらに関連する動画

Dendrimer-based Uneven Nanopatterns to Locally Control Surface Adhesiveness: A Method to Direct Chondrogenic Differentiation
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Dendrimer-based Uneven Nanopatterns to Locally Control Surface Adhesiveness: A Method to Direct Chondrogenic Differentiation

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Self-assembling Morphologies Obtained from Helical Polycarbodiimide Copolymers and Their Triazole Derivatives
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Self-assembling Morphologies Obtained from Helical Polycarbodiimide Copolymers and Their Triazole Derivatives

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Preparation and In Vitro Characterization of Dendrimer-based Contrast Agents for Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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Dendrimer-based Uneven Nanopatterns to Locally Control Surface Adhesiveness: A Method to Direct Chondrogenic Differentiation
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Self-assembling Morphologies Obtained from Helical Polycarbodiimide Copolymers and Their Triazole Derivatives
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科学分野:

  • 超分子化学
  • ナノテクノロジー
  • 薬剤化学

背景:

  • マクロモレキュラー・スキャフォールドは 小分子合成のテンプレートとなる.
  • デンドリマーには 制御された分子放出のための ユニークな構造的特性があります

研究 の 目的:

  • 大分子テンプレートとして内部二硫化結合を持つデンドリマーを合成する.
  • これらのデンドリマーを構成するチオールに選択的に分解することを示します.
  • 癌細胞における細胞内反応性酸素種 (ROS) 生成のためのデンドリマー分裂の可能性を評価する.

主な方法:

  • ディスルファイドブリッジデンドリマーの合成
  • ディチオトリトール (DTT) を使用した刺激反応解体.
  • ヒト肺がんA549細胞におけるROS濃度の細胞内評価

主要な成果:

  • 還元条件下でデンドリマーを定義されたチオール成分 (C3,CD2,DB2) に分解した.
  • デンドリマー分裂はA549細胞の細胞内ROS濃度の有意な増加につながった.
  • DB2の機能の正交性は確認された.

結論:

  • ディスルファイドブリッジデンドリマーは 完璧なマクロ分子テンプレートとして機能します
  • 細胞内デンドリマー分解は,ROSを増やすことで細胞の酸化還元バランスを乱すことができます.
  • これらの発見は,ROS媒介のがん治療のための潜在的な前薬としてデンドリマーを位置づけています.