慢性 的 な ストレス は ステリオソーム 循環 の 動 力 を 変化 さ せ,決定 を 誤っ て しまう
Alexander Friedman1, Daigo Homma1, Bernard Bloem1
1McGovern Institute for Brain Research and Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
Cell
|November 18, 2017
まとめ
慢性的なストレスは 高いコスト/高い報酬の選択肢を増やすことで 意思決定を妨げます これは前頭前皮質と状回路の活動が変化し 潜在的に根本的な障害で 異常な意思決定を伴います
科学分野:
- 神経科学
- 行動科学
- 意思決定科学
背景:
- 効率的なコスト・ベネフィット評価は 合理的な意思決定に不可欠です
- この能力は 神経精神疾患や 慢性的なストレスで損なわれ 異常な選択や 危険な行動に繋がります
研究 の 目的:
- 慢性的なストレスがネズミのコスト・ベネフィット評価と意思決定にどのように影響するかを調査する.
- これらの行動変化の基礎となる プレフロント・ストリアタル回路内の 神経機構を探求する
主な方法:
- ネズミは慢性的なストレスにさらされていました
- コスト・ベネフィット・評価と意思決定
- 電気生理学では,前頭前皮質と体の中央部でニューロンの活動を記録した.
- オプトジェネティクスは回路の活動を操作するために使われた.
主要な成果:
- 慢性的なストレスは,高コスト/高報酬の選択肢の選択の増加によって特徴づけられる,非最適の意思決定につながりました.
- ストレスは中枢前頭前皮質と ストライタル標的のニューロンの活動を変化させます
- ストライタルプロジェクションニューロンと高速発射内ニューロンの変化が観察され,刺激抑制バランスが変化したことを示唆した.
結論:
- ステリオソームベースの回路における刺激抑制ダイナミクスの変化は,ストレス誘発の異常な意思決定の根底にある可能性があります.
- プレフロント・ストリアタル回路機能障害は 慢性的なストレスと 紛争下での意思決定障害を結びつける 潜在的なメカニズムです
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