雷の放電によって引き起こされる光核反応
Teruaki Enoto1, Yuuki Wada2,3, Yoshihiro Furuta2
1The Hakubi Center for Advanced Research and Department of Astronomy, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8302, Japan.
Nature
|November 24, 2017
まとめ
科学者たちは 雷の後にニュートロンとポジトンを観測し 大気中の光核反応を 確認しました この研究は,雷の発生後のポジトロン生成の 決定的な証拠を提供します.
科学分野:
- 大気物理学
- 核天体物理学
- 高エネルギー物理学
背景:
- 天然の粒子加速器として 高エネルギーガンマ線を生成します
- これらのガンマ線は 光子核反応を誘発し 中性子や陽子を生成する可能性があります
- これまでの観測では 雷が鳴った後に これらの反応が起こると示唆されていたが 確固たる証拠は得られなかった.
研究 の 目的:
- 雷の衝撃で ニュートロンとポジトロンが生成される 確固たる証拠を提供するためです
- 雷が発するガンマ線によって引き起こされる 大気中の光核反応を調査する
主な方法:
- 雷雨中のガンマ線閃光を 地上から監視する.
- その後のガンマ線光と線放射スペクトルの分析.
- ニュートロンとポジトロン信号の検出 雷の発生と相関する
主要な成果:
- ミリ秒間のガンマ線閃光が検出され その後は衰えていく光でした
- 0.511メガエレクトロンボルトの延長された線放射は,電子-ポジートロン破壊を示すことが観察されました.
- 観測された信号は,光子核反応による中性子捕獲とポジトロン生成の予測と一致する.
結論:
- 閃電後のポジトロン生成の 決定的な証拠が確立されました
- この発見は,雷が大気中の光核反応を起こすことを確認しています.
- この研究により 極端な大気中の電気現象の理解が深まりました
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