ダークオーシャンにおける窒素酸化バクテリアの主要な役割
Maria G Pachiadaki1, Eva Sintes2, Kristin Bergauer2
1Bigelow Laboratory for Ocean Sciences, East Boothbay, ME 04544, USA.
まとめ
Nitrospinae属の窒素酸化バクテリアは,ダークオーシャンにおける炭素固定の鍵となる存在である. この豊富な微生物は 窒素酸化をエネルギー源として利用し 世界的な炭素循環に大きく貢献しています
科学分野:
- 微生物学
- 海洋学
- 生地化学
背景:
- 暗黒の海に生息する 化学自給の微生物は 炭素循環に大きく影響します
- このプロセスを駆動する特定の分類とエネルギー源は,ほとんど不明のままです.
研究 の 目的:
- 暗黒の海洋の化学栄養に 責任のある重要な微生物分類を特定する
- これらの微生物が利用する 主要なエネルギー源を解明する.
- これらの微生物が海洋の炭素固定に 与える影響を定量化するためです
主な方法:
- コミュニティのメタゲノミクスと単細胞ゲノミクスは,豊富な分類を特定します.
- メタプロテオミクスとメタトランスクリプトミクスで エネルギー生産の経路を決定する
- 炭素固定率を評価するために,マイクロオートラジオグラフィと触媒化されたレポーター堆積の光 in situ 混合化.
主要な成果:
- Nitrospinae族に属するNitrospinaeバクテリアは,海洋で世界中で豊富に存在する窒素酸化バクテリアとして特定されました.
- 代謝分析により,ニートリートの酸化がNitrospinaeの主要なエネルギー生成経路であることが示された.
- ニトロスピネは北大西洋における無機炭素の相当な部分 (15~45%) を固定することが判明した.
結論:
- ニトロスピネ族の窒素酸化バクテリアは 暗黒の海洋における 化学自給作用に不可欠です
- 窒素酸化は以前より海洋の炭素循環に 大きく貢献しています
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